Preparação e caracterização elétrica do compósito de poliuretano/negro de fumo
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Data
2009-08-21
Autores
Silva, Michael Jones da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho foram estudadas as propriedades elétricas e dielétricas de um compósito à base de poliuretano derivado de óleo de mamona (PU) e negro de fumo (NF). As amostras de PU/NF foram preparadas com quantidades fixas de prépolímero e poliol (seguindo uma fração 10/7 em massa) e com diferentes quantidades de NF. Medidas de espectroscopia de impedância permitiram analisar as propriedades elétricas do compósito em campo elétrico alternado em diferentes temperaturas, enquanto que, o método de quatro pontas foi utilizado para calcular a condutividade dc das diferentes amostras. Neste trabalho, também, foi desenvolvido um modelo estatístico bidimensional de redes de resistores e capacitores que gera a estrutura morfológica e calcula a condutividade alternada do compósito PU/NF a partir de uma técnica de matriz de transferência proposto por Derrida . As curvas da permissividade real e imaginária em função da frequência para amostras de PU/NF com diferentes proporções de NF demonstraram o mesmo comportamento qualitativo, ou seja, possuindo maiores valores para baixas frequências e altas temperaturas e decrescendo com aumento da frequência. As medidas de permissividade dielétrica imaginária apresentaram picos de relaxação devido ao processo de polarização interfacial entre o negro de fumo e a matriz polimérica. No entanto, esses picos são mais pronunciados quando se utiliza o módulo elétrico, que minimiza os efeitos de condução dc. O modelo estatístico reproduziu bem os dados experimentais obtidos das medidas de espectroscopia de impedância. A partir dos ajustes teórico-experimentais pode-se observar que a condutividade elétrica para a amostra 99/01 ocorre predominantemente por condução eletrônica nas regiões isolantes, obedecendo ao modelo modificado de Abrahams e Miller. Entretanto, para as amostras 95/05 e 90/10 o modelo de Abrahams e...
In this work we investigated the electrical properties of the polyurethane derived from castor oil (PUR) and carbon black (CB) composite. Samples of PUR/CB were prepared by fixed quantities of the pre-polymer and polyol (following a ratio of 10/7 by weight) and mixing different amount of the CB. Measurement of impedance spectroscopy was used to analyze the transport properties of the composite as function of applied electric field at different temperatures. The method of four probes was used to measurement the dc conductivity of the PUR/CB composites. A statistical model two-dimensional was developed based on networks of resistors and capacitors that generates the morphological structure and calculates the alternating conductivity of the PUR/CB composite using a transfer matrix technique proposed by Derrida et al. The plots of real and imaginary permittivity as a function of frequency for the samples of PUR/CB with different amount CB showed the same qualitative behavior with higher values for low frequencies and high temperatures. Measurement of imaginary dielectric permittivity showed peaks due to the process of interfacial polarization relaxation between the carbon black and polymeric matrix. However, these peaks are more pronounced when using the electrical modulus, which minimizes the effects of dc conduction. The statistical model reproduced well the experimental data obtained from the measurement of impedance spectroscopy. From theoretical and experimental settings it can be observed that the electrical conductivity for the 99/01 sample is predominantly by electron conduction in the insulating regions, in according at modified model of Miller and Abrahams. However, for samples 95/05 and 90/10 model of Abrahams and Miller dominates at low frequencies (below 103 Hz) and the Drude model is predominant in the higher frequency (above 104 Hz).
In this work we investigated the electrical properties of the polyurethane derived from castor oil (PUR) and carbon black (CB) composite. Samples of PUR/CB were prepared by fixed quantities of the pre-polymer and polyol (following a ratio of 10/7 by weight) and mixing different amount of the CB. Measurement of impedance spectroscopy was used to analyze the transport properties of the composite as function of applied electric field at different temperatures. The method of four probes was used to measurement the dc conductivity of the PUR/CB composites. A statistical model two-dimensional was developed based on networks of resistors and capacitors that generates the morphological structure and calculates the alternating conductivity of the PUR/CB composite using a transfer matrix technique proposed by Derrida et al. The plots of real and imaginary permittivity as a function of frequency for the samples of PUR/CB with different amount CB showed the same qualitative behavior with higher values for low frequencies and high temperatures. Measurement of imaginary dielectric permittivity showed peaks due to the process of interfacial polarization relaxation between the carbon black and polymeric matrix. However, these peaks are more pronounced when using the electrical modulus, which minimizes the effects of dc conduction. The statistical model reproduced well the experimental data obtained from the measurement of impedance spectroscopy. From theoretical and experimental settings it can be observed that the electrical conductivity for the 99/01 sample is predominantly by electron conduction in the insulating regions, in according at modified model of Miller and Abrahams. However, for samples 95/05 and 90/10 model of Abrahams and Miller dominates at low frequencies (below 103 Hz) and the Drude model is predominant in the higher frequency (above 104 Hz).
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Palavras-chave
Compositos polimericos, Polímeros – Propriedades elétricas, Poliuretano, Polyurethane, Carbon black, Composites, Electrical properties, Statistical model
Como citar
SILVA, Michael Jones da. Preparação e caracterização elétrica do compósito de poliuretano/negro de fumo. 2009.. 101 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2009..