Phase separation in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
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We study a spin-orbit (SO)-coupled hyperfine spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a quasi-one-dimensional trap. For an SO-coupled BEC in a one-dimensional box, we show that in the absence of the Rabi term, any nonzero value of SO coupling will result in a phase separation among the components for a ferromagnetic BEC, like Rb87. On the other hand, SO coupling favors miscibility in a polar BEC, like Na23. In the presence of a harmonic trap, which favors miscibility, a ferromagnetic BEC phase separates, provided that the SO-coupling strength and number of atoms are greater than some critical value. The Rabi term favors miscibility irrespective of the nature of the spin interaction: ferromagnetic or polar.
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Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, v. 90, n. 4, 2014.
