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Erbium and ytterbium co-doped SiO2 : GeO2 planar waveguide prepared by the sol-gel route using an alternative precursor

dc.contributor.authorSigoli, Fernando A.
dc.contributor.authorMessaddeq, Younes [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, Sidney José Lima [UNESP]
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-20T14:20:23Z
dc.date.available2014-05-20T14:20:23Z
dc.date.issued2008-02-01
dc.description.abstractThe sol-gel method combined with a spin-coating technique has been successfully applied for the preparation of rare-earth doped silica:germania films used for the fabrication of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers (EDWA), presenting several advantages over other methods for the preparation of thin films. As with other methods, the sol-gel route also shows some drawbacks, such as cracks related to the thickness of silica films and high hydrolysis rate of certain precursors such as germanium alkoxides. This article describes the preparation and optical characterization of erbium and ytterbium co-doped SiO2:GeO2 crack-free thick films prepared by the sol-gel route combined with a spin-coating technique using a chemically stable non-aqueous germanium oxide solution as an alternative precursor. The non-crystalline films obtained are planar waveguides exhibiting a single mode at 1,550 nm with an average thickness of 3.9 mu m presenting low percentages of porosity evaluated by the Lorentz-Lorenz Effective Medium Approximation, and low stress, according to the refractive index values measured in both transversal electric and magnetic polarizations. Weakly confining core layers (0.3% < Delta n < 0.75%) were obtained according to the refractive index difference between the core and buffer layers, suggesting that low-loss coupling EDWA may be obtained. The life time of the erbium I-4(13/2) metastable state was measured as a function of erbium concentration in different systems and based on these values it is possible to infer that the hydroxyl group was reduced and the formation of rare-earth clusters was avoided.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Chem, BR-13084862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUNESP, Inst Chem, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnespUNESP, Inst Chem, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
dc.format.extent179-185
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-007-1667-y
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Sol-gel Science and Technology. Dordrecht: Springer, v. 45, n. 2, p. 179-185, 2008.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10971-007-1667-y
dc.identifier.issn0928-0707
dc.identifier.lattes2998503841917815
dc.identifier.lattes6446047463034654
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3286-9440
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/26128
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000252875100007
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
dc.relation.ispartofjcr1.745
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,477
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restritopt
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectsilicaen
dc.subjectGeO2en
dc.subjectthin filmsen
dc.subjectamplifiersen
dc.subjectrare-earthen
dc.subjectsol-gelen
dc.titleErbium and ytterbium co-doped SiO2 : GeO2 planar waveguide prepared by the sol-gel route using an alternative precursoren
dc.typeArtigopt
dcterms.licensehttp://www.springer.com/open+access/authors+rights?SGWID=0-176704-12-683201-0
dcterms.rightsHolderSpringer
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublicationbc74a1ce-4c4c-4dad-8378-83962d76c4fd
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication.latestForDiscoverybc74a1ce-4c4c-4dad-8378-83962d76c4fd
unesp.author.lattes2998503841917815
unesp.author.lattes6446047463034654
unesp.author.orcid0000-0003-3286-9440[3]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Química, Araraquarapt
unesp.departmentQuímica Inorgânica - IQARpt

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