Method Based on Triangulation for Sensor Deployment on 3D Surfaces

In this work a new method is proposed to obtain the deployment of sensor nodes with a maximum coverage area using a minimum number of sensor nodes in three-dimensional surfaces. The deployment is performed using the dual Delaunay triangulation/Voronoi Diagram. The position selection process considered the vertices as candidate positions and the sensing radius. The positions were selected based on the maximum area coverage and the existence of communication among them. The communication was defined as omnidirectional. To ensure the coverage area, the problem of sensing superposition was considered. The verification of the communication is accomplished by the minimum spanning tree algorithm. To certify the versatility of the proposed method, we show the deployment in distinct surface areas commonly monitored by Wireless Sensor Networks. The results were significant, with coverage area between 84% and 95% for distinct types of reliefs.