Utilização de barra auxiliar de pulverização de água para reduzir a deriva de defensivos agrícolas
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Data
2013-02-05
Autores
Gurgacz, Flavio [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No contexto da aplicação de defensivos, a tecnologia de aplicação é fundamental para que haja boa eficiência, e os mesmos não alcancem áreas não desejadas. As condições ambientais no momento da aplicação, principalmente na região da barra de pulverização, são fatores que mais influenciam nas perdas de defensivos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar um dispositivo para umidificar o ambiente junto a barra de pulverização, promovendo a minimização das perdas durante as aplicações de defensivos. No ensaio de campo foi utilizado um pulverizador com uma barra dupla modificada para sobrepor um jato de água sobre o jato da barra convencional. O pulverizador foi composto por reservatório, bomba e controles de pressão independentes para cada circuito. Para determinar a quantidade e a qualidade de deposição de calda durante a aplicação, foram utilizados alvos artificiais compostos por lâminas de vidro e promovida a aplicação da calda composta por água e traçador na concentração de 6.000 mg L-1. As lâminas foram fixadas em suportes com alturas de 0,9; 0,6 e 0,3 m em relação ao solo que resultaram em distancias entre o alvo e a barra de 0,5; 0,8 e 1,1 m, respectivamente. As condições ambientais foram mensuradas através de 2 estações meteorológicas, instaladas próximo a área de ensaio e um termohigrômetro portátil, junto a um dos alvos, com altura de 0,6 m em relação ao solo. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela combinação de volumes de aplicação (L ha-1) da barra auxiliar e convencional sendo T1 - 0+40; T2 - 40+40; T3 - 80+40; T4 - 120+40; T5 - 160+40 e T6 - 0+80, respectivamente e três alturas de coleta com 12 repetições. De maneira geral os resultados de deposição do traçador mostram que com aumento da distancia entre o alvo e a ponta de pulverização foi reduzida a...
In the context of the application of pesticides, application technology is fundamental to provide a good efficiency and prevent depositions of pesticides in off-targets places. The environmental conditions at the time of application, especially in the region of the spray boom, influence the process of drift of defensive. This study aimed to evaluate a device to humidify the environment along the spray boom, promoting reduction of losses during pesticide applications. In the tests we used a spray with a double boom modified to override a spray of water on the conventional boom. The sprayer was build by two tanks (reservoir), two pumps and flow rate valves independent for each circuit. To qualify and quantify the loss of defensive during application, artificial targets of glasses were used and the spray solution was water and pigment with concentration of 6,000 mg L-1. The targets were placed on 0.9, 0.6 and 0.3 meters height above the ground, that provide distances between targets and boom of 0.5, 0.8 and 1.1 meters, respectively. The environmental conditions were measured by 2 weather stations, installed near the field and a portable hygrometer, located together a target 0.6 meters height above of ground. The treatments consisted of combinations of application volumes (L ha -1) of the auxiliary boom and conventional T1 - 0 +40, T2 - 40 +40; T3 - 80 +40; T4 - 120 +40; T5 - 160 +40 and T6 - 0 +80 and three heights collection with 12 replications. In general, when distance between targets and boom was increased the tracer deposition and homogeneity was decreased with 40 L ha-1 of volume application. However the use of boom water spray increase the spray deposits and homogeneity, compared with no use of boom water spray. This shows that boom water spray, increases the pesticide deposition even with conditions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In the context of the application of pesticides, application technology is fundamental to provide a good efficiency and prevent depositions of pesticides in off-targets places. The environmental conditions at the time of application, especially in the region of the spray boom, influence the process of drift of defensive. This study aimed to evaluate a device to humidify the environment along the spray boom, promoting reduction of losses during pesticide applications. In the tests we used a spray with a double boom modified to override a spray of water on the conventional boom. The sprayer was build by two tanks (reservoir), two pumps and flow rate valves independent for each circuit. To qualify and quantify the loss of defensive during application, artificial targets of glasses were used and the spray solution was water and pigment with concentration of 6,000 mg L-1. The targets were placed on 0.9, 0.6 and 0.3 meters height above the ground, that provide distances between targets and boom of 0.5, 0.8 and 1.1 meters, respectively. The environmental conditions were measured by 2 weather stations, installed near the field and a portable hygrometer, located together a target 0.6 meters height above of ground. The treatments consisted of combinations of application volumes (L ha -1) of the auxiliary boom and conventional T1 - 0 +40, T2 - 40 +40; T3 - 80 +40; T4 - 120 +40; T5 - 160 +40 and T6 - 0 +80 and three heights collection with 12 replications. In general, when distance between targets and boom was increased the tracer deposition and homogeneity was decreased with 40 L ha-1 of volume application. However the use of boom water spray increase the spray deposits and homogeneity, compared with no use of boom water spray. This shows that boom water spray, increases the pesticide deposition even with conditions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Defensivos agrícolas, Defensivos vegetais - Tecnologia de aplicação, Pulverização, Spraying
Como citar
GURGACZ, Flavio. Utilização de barra auxiliar de pulverização de água para reduzir a deriva de defensivos agrícolas. 2013. vii , 53 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.