Substâncias húmicas e fontes de fósforo: teor de fósforo disponível em solos e absorção pela cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2014-01-23
Autores
Bezerra, Paulo Sergio Silva [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A matéria orgânica quando aplicada adequadamente no solo pode aumentar a disponibilidade de fósforo para plantas graças à sua afinidade por sítios de adsorção de P. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do P disponível em dois solos: Neossolo Quartzarênico órtico (RQo) e Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (PVA), adubados com doses de extrato de turfa e fontes de P na absorção de P pela cana-de-açúcar. Foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos na Universidade Federal do Maranhão/UFMA, Câmpus de Chapadinha - MA. No primeiro experimento, 200 g de solo foram incubados por 30 e 60 dias utilizando-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em um esquema 2x4x5, com três repetições, constituído por dois solos, quatro fontes de P: superfosfato triplo (SFT), superfosfato simples (SFS), fosfato natural reativo (FNR), fosfato monoamônico (MAP), com dose constante de P (150 mg dm-3) e cinco doses de turfa (0, 100, 200, 400 e 800 L ha-1). Após o tempo de incubação, fez-se a amostragem do solo e determinou-se o P-resina, matéria orgânica e valor pH. O segundo experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação num delineamento inteiramente casualizado 2x2x3+2, com três repetições, sendo dois solos, ausência e presença de 520 L ha-1 de extrato de turfa, três doses de P (75, 150 e 300 mg dm-3) na forma de fosfato natural reativo e um controle para cada solo (sem fósforo e sem turfa). A unidade experimental foi constituída por um vaso preenchido com 20 kg de solo contendo uma planta de cana-de-açúcar, variedade RB 867515. Avaliaram-se acúmulo de fósforo, altura da planta, número de perfilho, diâmetro do perfilho e matéria seca da parte aérea da planta, aos 180 dias após plantio (1º ciclo) e 120 dias após o corte (2º ciclo). No primeiro experimento, As doses de extrato de turfa incrementaram o teor de matéria orgânica e de P disponível, independente do solo ou da fonte de...
The organic matter in the soil when applied properly can increase the availability of phosphorus for plants due to its affinity for adsorption sites P. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of available P in two soils: Quatzipsamment (RQo) and Kandiudult (PVA), with doses of extract of peat and P sources in the absorption by sugar cane. Two experiments were develpped at the Federal University of Maranhão/UFMA, Chapadinha Campus, MA. In the first experiment, 200 g of soil was incubated for 30 to 60 days utilizing a 2x4x5 factorial scheme in an entirely randomized delineation, being two soils, four P sources: triple superphosphate (TSP), simple superphosphate (SSP), rock phosphate (RP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), with a constant dosage of P (150 mg dm-3), five doses of peat, (0, 100; 200; 400; 800 L ha-1), with three repetitions. After the incubation period, a sample was taken of the soil, determining P-resin, organic matter and pH. The second experiment was installed in a greenhouse, in an entirely randomized delineation 2x2x3+2, there being two soils, absence and presence of 520 L ha-1 of peat, three doses of P (75, 150, and 300 mg dm-3) in the form of natural reactive phosphate and a control of each soil (no phosphorus and no peat), with three repetitions. The experimental unit constituted of a vase filled with 20 kg of soil containing a sugar cane plant, RB 867515 variety. Phosphorus accumulation, plant heigh, tiller number of plant, tiller diameter and dry material on the aerial part of the plant were evaluated, 180 days after planting and 120 days after cutting. In the first experiment the doses of extract of peat incremented the available content of P and organic matter, independent of soil or source used. The presence of humic substances resulted in higher P availability in all studied following MAP>TSP>SSP>RP sources. The higher content of available P was found in Quatzisamment ...
The organic matter in the soil when applied properly can increase the availability of phosphorus for plants due to its affinity for adsorption sites P. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of available P in two soils: Quatzipsamment (RQo) and Kandiudult (PVA), with doses of extract of peat and P sources in the absorption by sugar cane. Two experiments were develpped at the Federal University of Maranhão/UFMA, Chapadinha Campus, MA. In the first experiment, 200 g of soil was incubated for 30 to 60 days utilizing a 2x4x5 factorial scheme in an entirely randomized delineation, being two soils, four P sources: triple superphosphate (TSP), simple superphosphate (SSP), rock phosphate (RP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), with a constant dosage of P (150 mg dm-3), five doses of peat, (0, 100; 200; 400; 800 L ha-1), with three repetitions. After the incubation period, a sample was taken of the soil, determining P-resin, organic matter and pH. The second experiment was installed in a greenhouse, in an entirely randomized delineation 2x2x3+2, there being two soils, absence and presence of 520 L ha-1 of peat, three doses of P (75, 150, and 300 mg dm-3) in the form of natural reactive phosphate and a control of each soil (no phosphorus and no peat), with three repetitions. The experimental unit constituted of a vase filled with 20 kg of soil containing a sugar cane plant, RB 867515 variety. Phosphorus accumulation, plant heigh, tiller number of plant, tiller diameter and dry material on the aerial part of the plant were evaluated, 180 days after planting and 120 days after cutting. In the first experiment the doses of extract of peat incremented the available content of P and organic matter, independent of soil or source used. The presence of humic substances resulted in higher P availability in all studied following MAP>TSP>SSP>RP sources. The higher content of available P was found in Quatzisamment ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar - Adubação, Fósforo, Solos - Teor de fosforo, Quimica do solo, Fertilizantes fosfatados, Sugarcane
Como citar
BEZERRA, Paulo Sergio Silva. Substâncias húmicas e fontes de fósforo: teor de fósforo disponível em solos e absorção pela cana-de-açúcar. 2014. xiv, 76 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2014.