Moralidade e respeito ao meio ambiente em crianças e adolescentes: a construção da moral ecológica
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Data
2007-07-06
Autores
Gomes, Ligiane Raimundo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa, de natureza exploratória, buscou investigar se a aquisição da noção de respeito ao meio ambiente, que denominamos moral ecológica, é construída durante o desenvolvimento infantil, solidariamente à construção da moralidade, pressupondo que a noção de respeito no domínio ecológico é a mesma que fundamenta a conquista da autonomia moral. Para esta investigação, foi tomada uma amostra de 15 participantes, sendo cinco por faixa etária - de 6 a 8 anos, 10 a 11 anos e 13 a 15 anos. Mediante o método clínico piagetiano, contava-se às crianças e adolescentes dois conjuntos de histórias: três histórias foram retiradas dos estudos de Piaget sobre a moralidade, focalizando a consciência das regras e as noções de mentira e justiça, e outras quatro histórias hipotéticas foram formuladas especificamente para estudar o respeito ao meio ambiente, focalizando, respectivamente, a coleta seletiva, a extinção das aves, a poluição de um rio e o corte de árvore. Os depoimentos dos participantes foram analisados segundo o referencial teórico de Piaget no que se refere à moralidade, recorrendo-se, também, a alguns estudiosos que ao longo dos anos vêm ampliando o campo de aplicação da teoria piagetiana. A análise dos dados nos permitiu estabelecer três níveis para o desenvolvimento da noção de respeito ao meio ambiente, comprovando que a moral ecológica tem uma dimensão psicogenética e que existe relação entre o desenvolvimento da moralidade e a aquisição da moral ecológica.
The present research, of exploratory nature, searched to investigate if the acquisition of the notion of respect to the environment, that we call ecological moral, is constructed during the childish development, solidarily to the construction of the morality, presupposing that the notion of respect on the ecological field is the same that found the conquest of the moral autonomy. For this investigation, it had been taken a sample of 15 participants, five by age group - form 6 to 8 years old, 10 to 11 years old and 13 to 15 years old. Through the piagetian clinical method, it was told to the children and adolescents two groups of stories: three stories were taken from Piaget's studies about morality, focusing the conscience of rules and the notions of lie and justice, and four another hypothetical stories were created specifically to study the respect to the environment, focusing, respectively, the selective collection, the extinction of the birds, the pollution of a river and the cutting of tree. The statements of the participants were analysed according to the theoretical reference of Piaget concerning to the morality, also helped by some studious that have been amplifying the application field of Piaget's theory. The data analysis allowed us to set up three levels for the development of the notion of respect to the environment, proving that the ecological moral has a psychogenetic dimension and there is a relation between the development of the morality and the acquisition of the ecological moral.
The present research, of exploratory nature, searched to investigate if the acquisition of the notion of respect to the environment, that we call ecological moral, is constructed during the childish development, solidarily to the construction of the morality, presupposing that the notion of respect on the ecological field is the same that found the conquest of the moral autonomy. For this investigation, it had been taken a sample of 15 participants, five by age group - form 6 to 8 years old, 10 to 11 years old and 13 to 15 years old. Through the piagetian clinical method, it was told to the children and adolescents two groups of stories: three stories were taken from Piaget's studies about morality, focusing the conscience of rules and the notions of lie and justice, and four another hypothetical stories were created specifically to study the respect to the environment, focusing, respectively, the selective collection, the extinction of the birds, the pollution of a river and the cutting of tree. The statements of the participants were analysed according to the theoretical reference of Piaget concerning to the morality, also helped by some studious that have been amplifying the application field of Piaget's theory. The data analysis allowed us to set up three levels for the development of the notion of respect to the environment, proving that the ecological moral has a psychogenetic dimension and there is a relation between the development of the morality and the acquisition of the ecological moral.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação ambiental, Educação moral, Crianças, Environmental education
Como citar
GOMES, Ligiane Raimundo. Moralidade e respeito ao meio ambiente em crianças e adolescentes: a construção da moral ecológica. 2007. 267 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2007.