Atributos microbiológicos em ecossistemas costeiros da Ilha do Cardoso, SP
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Data
2013-06-13
Autores
Pupin, Breno [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os manguezais apresentam características que os diferenciam dos demais ecossistemas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os grupos microbianos (bactérias totais, esporuladas, Gram-negativas, actinobactérias, nitrificantes, desnitrificantes e fungos), as atividades metabólicas de bactérias e fungos, as atividades microbianas relacionadas ao ciclo do C, N, P (atividade respiratória, da desidrogenase, amonificante, nitrificante, da urease, da protease, solubilizadora de fosfato e da fosfatase ácida), além das análises químico-físicas (umidade, matéria orgânica, carbono orgânico total, carbono solúvel, carboidratos totais, fracionamento do fósforo, pH e salinidade) do solo de manguezal e compará-las com os de floresta e restinga. As amostras de solos foram coletadas durante o verão e o inverno, nas profundidades de 0 – 2 cm, 2 – 5 cm e 5 – 10 cm. Os micro-organismos isolados foram testados quanto à habilidade de produzir amilase, fosfatase ácida e/ou solubilizar fosfato inorgânico. Os resultados foram interpretados com análise estatística univariada. Excetuando os fungos totais, as contagens dos demais grupos microbianos decresceram significativamente (p < 0,05) na seguinte ordem: floresta > manguezal > restinga. As populações de actinobactérias predominaram no solo de floresta, porém foram semelhantes (p < 0,05) nos solos de manguezal e de restinga. O número das bactérias desnitrificantes foi similar nos solos de floresta e de manguezal e maior que o do solo de restinga. As contagens dos micro-organismos decresceram significativamente 11 e 21% da camada superficial para a 2 – 5 cm e 5 – 10 cm, porém as desnitrificantes aumentaram 44 e 166%. Enquanto o número de bactérias totais, esporuladas, Gram-negativas, nitrificantes e desnitrificantes decresceu (p < 0,05) 32% em média do verão para o inverno, o das actinobactérias permaneceu invariável e dos fungos aumentou 29%...
Mangroves has characteristics that differentiate them from other ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of microbial groups (total, sporulating, Gram-negative, actinomycetes, nitrifying, denitrifying bacteria and fungi), the bacteria and fungi metabolic activities, microbial activities related to the cycle of C, N, P (respiration, dehydrogenase, ammonium-oxidizing, urease, protease, solubilizing phosphate and acid phosphatase activities), and chemical-physical analysis (moisture, organic matter, total organic carbon, soluble carbon, carbohydrates, fractionation phosphorus, pH and salinity) from mangrove soil, comparing them with the restinga and forest soils. Soil samples were collected during the summer and winter, at depths of 0 – 2 cm, 2 – 5 cm and 5 - 10 cm. The microorganisms isolated were tested for their ability to produce amylase, acid phosphatase and/or solubilize inorganic phosphate. Results were interpreted with univariate statistical analysis. Except fungi total scores of other microbial groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the following order: forest > mangrove > restinga. Populations of actinomycetes predominated in the forest soil, but were similar (p < 0.05) in mangrove soils and restinga. The denitrifying bacteria number was similar in forest and mangrove soil and higher than restinga soils. The microorganism counts decreased significantly 11 and 21% the surface layer for 2 - 5 cm and 5 - 10 cm, however, denitrifying increased 44 and 166%. While total number, sporulating, Gram-negative, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria decreased (p < 0.05), on average 32% from summer to winter, actinomycetes remained unchanged and fungi increased 29%...
Mangroves has characteristics that differentiate them from other ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of microbial groups (total, sporulating, Gram-negative, actinomycetes, nitrifying, denitrifying bacteria and fungi), the bacteria and fungi metabolic activities, microbial activities related to the cycle of C, N, P (respiration, dehydrogenase, ammonium-oxidizing, urease, protease, solubilizing phosphate and acid phosphatase activities), and chemical-physical analysis (moisture, organic matter, total organic carbon, soluble carbon, carbohydrates, fractionation phosphorus, pH and salinity) from mangrove soil, comparing them with the restinga and forest soils. Soil samples were collected during the summer and winter, at depths of 0 – 2 cm, 2 – 5 cm and 5 - 10 cm. The microorganisms isolated were tested for their ability to produce amylase, acid phosphatase and/or solubilize inorganic phosphate. Results were interpreted with univariate statistical analysis. Except fungi total scores of other microbial groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the following order: forest > mangrove > restinga. Populations of actinomycetes predominated in the forest soil, but were similar (p < 0.05) in mangrove soils and restinga. The denitrifying bacteria number was similar in forest and mangrove soil and higher than restinga soils. The microorganism counts decreased significantly 11 and 21% the surface layer for 2 - 5 cm and 5 - 10 cm, however, denitrifying increased 44 and 166%. While total number, sporulating, Gram-negative, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria decreased (p < 0.05), on average 32% from summer to winter, actinomycetes remained unchanged and fungi increased 29%...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ciclos biogeoquimicos, Ecossistemas costeiros, Florestas, Manguezais, Biogeochemical cycles
Como citar
PUPIN, Breno. Atributos microbiológicos em ecossistemas costeiros da Ilha do Cardoso, SP. 2013. xvi, 137 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2013.