Absorção e mobilidade do boro em plantas de repolho e de couve-flor
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Data
2009-09-18
Autores
Alves, Adriana Ursulino [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da omissão de boro na solução de nutrientes e de doses de boro em aplicação foliar no crescimento e na nutrição, e estudar o tempo de absorção e a sua mobilidade em plantas de repolho ‘Astrus’ e couve-flor ‘Verona’. Para isto, foram realizados na UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, oito experimentos com as plantas do repolho ‘Astrus’ e da couve-flor ‘Verona’ no período de fevereiro de 2007 até maio de 2008. Nas duas hortaliças, estudaram-se a omissão de boro em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento e as doses de boro (0; 0,085; 0,170; 0,255 e 0,340 g L-1) via aplicação foliar. Em seguida, estudaram-se o tempo de absorção do boro aplicado via foliar (até 30 dias após aplicação) nas hortaliças e também compararam-se a mobilidade do boro marcado (10B) absorvido pelas raízes e pelas folhas, nas folhas emitidas após a sua aplicação. Em todos os experimentos, avaliaram-se as variáveis de crescimento, nutrição e de produção de matéria seca das plantas. Verificou-se, que o efeito da deficiência de boro ficou evidente no final do ciclo das hortaliças (terceiro estádio de desenvolvimento), causando maior diminuição na parte comercial das hortaliças. A adubação foliar com o micronutriente promoveu a máxima produção de matéria seca da parte comercial e da planta inteira do repolho ‘Astrus’, com pulverizações foliares de B nas doses de 0,224 e 0,240 g L-1, respectivamente, e esteve associada com o teor foliar de B de 15 e 14 mg kg-1. Na couve-flor ‘Verona’, a massa seca da parte comercial e da planta inteira aumentaram linearmente com as doses de boro, assim como o teor foliar que variou de 14 a 25 mg kg-1. O boro é absorvido lentamente pelas folhas do repolho ‘Astrus’, absorvendo 50% do B aplicado, próximo de 15 dias após sua aplicação e na couve-flor ‘Verona’ aos três dias e 12 horas após...
The effects of boron on cabbage and cauliflower plants were analyzed under the following approaches: (1) omitting boron from the nutrient solution at different stages of plant development; (2) Foliarly application of different doses of boron: 0, 0.085, 0.170, 0.255, and 0.340 g L-1; (3) Measuring the time necessary for boron to be absorbed by the plants when the boron fertilizer is foliarly applied; (4) Determining boron mobility in the plants by means of labeled boron (10B) supplied either via foliar fertilization or the fertilizer being directly applied to the soil. The effects of those procedures were evaluated in terms of plant growth, nutrition and productivity. The results showed that the effects of boron deficiency are more clearly felt at the end of the plant cycle so that the main effect is on plant commercial value. The doses of 0.224 and 0.240 g L-1 were those resulting in the highest commercial and the whole plant yields, respectively. These doses were found to be related with B levels in the plants of 15 and 14 mg kg-1. The commercial part and the whole plant of the ‘Verona’ cauliflower cultivar increased linearly with doses of boron. The foliar level of boron also increased linearly from 14 to 25 mg kg-1. Boron is slowly absorbed by the leaves of the ‘Astrus’ cabbage cultivar: it takes almost 15 days for 50% of the total applied to be absorbed. Cauliflower plants of the ‘Verona’ cultivar, on the other hand, absorbed a similar proportion in 3 days and 12 hours. It was observed that boron is immobile both in cauliflower and cabbage plants suggesting that boron fertilizers should be applied directly to the soil
The effects of boron on cabbage and cauliflower plants were analyzed under the following approaches: (1) omitting boron from the nutrient solution at different stages of plant development; (2) Foliarly application of different doses of boron: 0, 0.085, 0.170, 0.255, and 0.340 g L-1; (3) Measuring the time necessary for boron to be absorbed by the plants when the boron fertilizer is foliarly applied; (4) Determining boron mobility in the plants by means of labeled boron (10B) supplied either via foliar fertilization or the fertilizer being directly applied to the soil. The effects of those procedures were evaluated in terms of plant growth, nutrition and productivity. The results showed that the effects of boron deficiency are more clearly felt at the end of the plant cycle so that the main effect is on plant commercial value. The doses of 0.224 and 0.240 g L-1 were those resulting in the highest commercial and the whole plant yields, respectively. These doses were found to be related with B levels in the plants of 15 and 14 mg kg-1. The commercial part and the whole plant of the ‘Verona’ cauliflower cultivar increased linearly with doses of boron. The foliar level of boron also increased linearly from 14 to 25 mg kg-1. Boron is slowly absorbed by the leaves of the ‘Astrus’ cabbage cultivar: it takes almost 15 days for 50% of the total applied to be absorbed. Cauliflower plants of the ‘Verona’ cultivar, on the other hand, absorbed a similar proportion in 3 days and 12 hours. It was observed that boron is immobile both in cauliflower and cabbage plants suggesting that boron fertilizers should be applied directly to the soil
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Couve-flor, Repolho, Elementos traços na nutrição, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Foliar fertilization, Plant nutrition, Micronutrients, Redistribution
Como citar
ALVES, Adriana Ursulino. Absorção e mobilidade do boro em plantas de repolho e de couve-flor. 2009. x, 64 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.