Avaliação de progênies de longan
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Data
2007-07-06
Autores
Jesus, Natanael de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A introdução de espécies ou suas seleções melhoradas são de grande interesse para a fruticultura brasileira, pois principiam um mercado em potencial que é pouco explorado. Dentre elas, pode-se destacar a longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour), também conhecida como longana ou “olho do dragão”. Originária do Sudeste Asiático, mais precisamente da zona subtropical da China, pertence à família Sapindácea. Acha-se distribuída em todas as regiões subtropicais do mundo, os frutos são globosos, de sabor agradável, adocicado e polpa translúcida; quando maduros possui coloração castanha e sabor menos pronunciado que a lichia. Poucas são as informações técnicas sobre esta cultura, principalmente no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar plantas quanto às características dos frutos, semeadura e a clonagem por estaquia desta espécie. Seis plantas, do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da FCAV, foram avaliadas quanto ao desenvolvimento e características físicas (diâmetros transversal e longitudinal (mm) e massas, em g, do fruto, casca, polpa e semente) e químicas (acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, ácido ascórbico e ratio) dos frutos. As sementes extraídas manualmente, de frutos maduros, foram lavadas em água corrente e semeadas em canteiros de areia sob condições de ripado (50% de luminosidade). Observou-se a influência de diferentes períodos (0, 14, 28 e 42 dias) e condições de armazenamento em câmara fria (10ºC e 60% UR), câmara seca (16-18ºC e 60-70% UR), dessecador contendo sílica-gel e ambiente. Estacas enfolhadas de ramos herbáceos, coletadas em três épocas (primavera, verão e outono), tratadas com ácido indolbutírico (AIB): 1.000; 3.000; 5.000; 7.000 mg.L-1 e testemunha foram avaliadas quanto a sua capacidade de formação de raízes, sob condições de câmara de nebulização intermitente...
The introduction of exotic species or their improved selections are highly interesting to Brazilian fruit farmers, since these species open an unexplored market. Among these species is longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour), also known as longana, which is originated from Southeast Asia, more specifically from subtropical zone of China, and belongs to the family Sapindaceae. It is distributed in all subtropical regions of the world. The fruits are globe-shaped, of pleasant and sweet taste and translucid pulp. At maturity, fruits are wood-colored and a taste blander than litchi. There is little information on this fruit species, especially in Brazil. This work was undertaken to evaluate fruit characteristics, seeding and cutting of this species. Six plants from the Active Germplasm Bank of FCAV were analyzed in terms of fruit development, physical (transversal and longitudinal diameter, in mm, eand fruit, peel, pulp and seed mass, in g) and chemical traits (titrable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and ratio). Manually extracted seeds from mature fruits were washed in water flow and sowed in sand under fifty percent shading. The influence of several periods (0, 14, 28 and 42 days) and storage conditions: in cool-chamber (10ºC e 60% RH), dry-chamber (16-18ºC and 60- 70% RU), dryer containing silica-gel and environment conditions. Cuttings containing leaves from herbaceous branches, collected in three different (spring, summer and fall) and treated with indolbutiric acid (IBA): 1,000; 3,000; 5,000; 7,000 mg.L-1 and control were evaluated for their rooting capacity under intermittent nebulization chamber conditions. The crop cycle in Jaboticabal was found to be 120 to 130 days and plant 6 showed the best results, and can be grown or used in breeding programs. The best seedling emergence results were found in seeds form plant 5, which can be used as rootstocks... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The introduction of exotic species or their improved selections are highly interesting to Brazilian fruit farmers, since these species open an unexplored market. Among these species is longan (Dimocarpus Longan Lour), also known as longana, which is originated from Southeast Asia, more specifically from subtropical zone of China, and belongs to the family Sapindaceae. It is distributed in all subtropical regions of the world. The fruits are globe-shaped, of pleasant and sweet taste and translucid pulp. At maturity, fruits are wood-colored and a taste blander than litchi. There is little information on this fruit species, especially in Brazil. This work was undertaken to evaluate fruit characteristics, seeding and cutting of this species. Six plants from the Active Germplasm Bank of FCAV were analyzed in terms of fruit development, physical (transversal and longitudinal diameter, in mm, eand fruit, peel, pulp and seed mass, in g) and chemical traits (titrable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and ratio). Manually extracted seeds from mature fruits were washed in water flow and sowed in sand under fifty percent shading. The influence of several periods (0, 14, 28 and 42 days) and storage conditions: in cool-chamber (10ºC e 60% RH), dry-chamber (16-18ºC and 60- 70% RU), dryer containing silica-gel and environment conditions. Cuttings containing leaves from herbaceous branches, collected in three different (spring, summer and fall) and treated with indolbutiric acid (IBA): 1,000; 3,000; 5,000; 7,000 mg.L-1 and control were evaluated for their rooting capacity under intermittent nebulization chamber conditions. The crop cycle in Jaboticabal was found to be 120 to 130 days and plant 6 showed the best results, and can be grown or used in breeding programs. The best seedling emergence results were found in seeds form plant 5, which can be used as rootstocks... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento de frutos, Germinação, Propagação por estaquia, Sementes - Viabilidade, Dimocarpus longan, Fruit development, Germination, Seed, Cutting
Como citar
JESUS, Natanael de. Avaliação de progênies de longan. 2007. viii, 73 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.