Fotodegradação de fármacos por procesos oxidativos avançados utilizando fonte de irradiação artificial e solar: avaliação química e toxicológica
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Data
2009-02-20
Autores
Trovó, Alam Gustavo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho foi avaliada a fotodegradação dos fármacos amoxicilina (AMX), diclofenaco (DCF), paracetamol (PCT) e sulfametoxazol (SMX) por fotólise e por processos oxidativos avançados. A degradação dos compostos foi feita em água destilada (AD), água do mar (AM) e efluente de estação de tratamento de esgoto (ETE) utilizando fonte de irradiação artificial e solar. A concentração dos fármacos foi determinada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e a remoção da carga orgânica por determinações de carbono orgânico total (COT). Os intermediários gerados durante a degradação foram determinados por CLAE acoplada à espectrometria de massas de alta resolução e a toxicidade das soluções por bioensaios com Daphnia magna e Vibrio fischeri. Foi observada uma pequena diferença na degradação de AMX e PCT variando o pH entre 2,5 e 9,0 e independência da concentração de H2O2 (170-3400 mg L-1) quando o processo H2O2/UV foi avaliado. Por outro lado, a espécie de ferro influenciou fortemente a degradação de AMX e PCT quando o processo foto-Fenton foi empregado. A degradação de ambos compostos foi favorecida na presença do complexo ferrioxalato de potássio (FeOx) quando comparado ao Fe(NO3)3. Contudo, na presença de sulfato ferroso, a degradação de PCT foi favorecida em comparação ao FeOx. A aplicação de ambos processos foi avaliada na degradação de AMX e PCT em efluente de ETE usando diferentes fontes de radiação e comparado aos resultados em AD. A eficiência de degradação de AMX usando o processo foto-Fenton foi prejudicada pela matriz ETE. Isso não foi observado usando o processo H2O2/UV. Com relação a eficiência de degradação de PCT, esta não foi influenciada pela matriz quando ambos os processos (H2O2/UV e foto- Fenton) foram empregados. A degradação de AMX e PCT foi favorecida na presença de radiação solar...
In this work the photodegradation of the pharmaceuticals amoxicillin (AMX), diclofenac (DCF), paracetamol (PCT) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by photolysis and advanced oxidation processes was studied. The degradation of the compounds was performed in distilled water (DW), seawater (SW) and sewage treatment plant (STP) using artificial and solar irradiation source. The pharmaceuticals concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the organic matter by total organic carbon (TOC). The intermediates generated during degradation were determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to the high resolution mass spectrometry and the toxicity of the solutions by bioassays with Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri. It was observed a small difference on the AMX and PCT degradation varying the pH between 2.5 and 9.0 and independence of H2O2 concentration (170-3400 mg L-1) when the H2O2/UV was employed. On the other hand, a strong influence of the iron species was observed on the AMX and PCT degradation when the photo-Fenton process was evaluated. The degradation of both pharmaceuticals was favored in the presence of the potassium ferrioxalate complex (FeOx) when compared to Fe(NO3)3. However, at the presence of ferrous sulphate, the PCT degradation was favored in comparison to FeOx. Both processes were evaluated for the AMX and PCT degradation in STP effluent using different radiation sources and compared with the DW results. The AMX degradation efficiency by the photo- Fenton process was affected by the STP matrix, while no influence was observed by H2O2/UV process. In relation to PCT degradation efficiency, it was not influenced by the matrix using both processes, (H2O2/UV and photo-Fenton). The AMX and PCT degradation was favoured in the presence of solar radiation. After the photo-Fenton application to both compounds and iron species... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In this work the photodegradation of the pharmaceuticals amoxicillin (AMX), diclofenac (DCF), paracetamol (PCT) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by photolysis and advanced oxidation processes was studied. The degradation of the compounds was performed in distilled water (DW), seawater (SW) and sewage treatment plant (STP) using artificial and solar irradiation source. The pharmaceuticals concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the organic matter by total organic carbon (TOC). The intermediates generated during degradation were determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to the high resolution mass spectrometry and the toxicity of the solutions by bioassays with Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri. It was observed a small difference on the AMX and PCT degradation varying the pH between 2.5 and 9.0 and independence of H2O2 concentration (170-3400 mg L-1) when the H2O2/UV was employed. On the other hand, a strong influence of the iron species was observed on the AMX and PCT degradation when the photo-Fenton process was evaluated. The degradation of both pharmaceuticals was favored in the presence of the potassium ferrioxalate complex (FeOx) when compared to Fe(NO3)3. However, at the presence of ferrous sulphate, the PCT degradation was favored in comparison to FeOx. Both processes were evaluated for the AMX and PCT degradation in STP effluent using different radiation sources and compared with the DW results. The AMX degradation efficiency by the photo- Fenton process was affected by the STP matrix, while no influence was observed by H2O2/UV process. In relation to PCT degradation efficiency, it was not influenced by the matrix using both processes, (H2O2/UV and photo-Fenton). The AMX and PCT degradation was favoured in the presence of solar radiation. After the photo-Fenton application to both compounds and iron species... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Quimica analitica, Foto-fenton, Antibioticos, Analgesicos, Efluentes de estação de tratamento de esgoto, Environmental chemistry
Como citar
TROVÓ, Alam Gustavo. Fotodegradação de fármacos por procesos oxidativos avançados utilizando fonte de irradiação artificial e solar: avaliação química e toxicológica. 2009. 198 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2009.