Tireóide ectópica cervical lateral: Relato de caso e revisão da literatura
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Data
2002-05-13
Autores
Dias, Norimar H.
Ximenes Filho, João A.
Mazeto, Glaucia Maria Ferreira da Silva [UNESP]
BACHI, Carlos Eduardo [UNESP]
Tagliarini, José Vicente [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial
Resumo
Tireóide ectópica é qualquer tecido tireoideano localizado fora de sua topografia habitual, podendo apresentar-se na linha mediana do pescoço ou, mais raramente, na região cervical lateral. Algumas teorias tentam explicar a origem do tecido tireoideano ectópico: 1. falha na descida da glândula; 2. seqüestro de nódulos tireoideanos; 3. presença de tecido tireoideano na cápsula de linfonodos cervicais; 4. formação teratomatosa; 5. Secundário a anomalias branquiais. Na abordagem diagnóstica, diversos exames têm sido utilizados, sendo o diagnóstico definitivo algumas vezes fornecido apenas pelo estudo histopatológico. Apesar das controvérsias em relação às abordagens terapêuticas apresentadas na literatura, é necessário um planejamento rigoroso para evitar iatrogenias. Conclui-se que a presença de tecido tireoideano ectópico deve ser lembrada no diagnóstico diferencial de massas cervicais laterais, e sua origem histológica considerada, sendo na maioria das vezes metástase de um carcinoma tireoideano oculto. Os autores relatam um caso de tecido tireoideano ectópico lateral no pescoço, em paciente do sexo feminino com bócio colóide mergulhante. Foram realizadas considerações importantes sobre dismorfogênese tireoideana, métodos diagnósticos e opções de tratamento, com revisão da literatura das últimas cinco décadas.
Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue located outside its normal topography, which may present itself along the median line of the neck or, more rarely, in the lateral cervical region. Some theories seek to explain the origin of ectopic thyroid tissue as: 1. Failure in descent of the gland; 2. Occlusion of thyroid nodules; 3. Presence of thyroid tissue in the cervical lymph node capsules; 4. Teratomatous formation; 5. Secondary to branchial anomalies. For diagnosis, a number of exams have been used, the definitive diagnosis sometimes being provided only by a histopathological study. Despite the controversies in relation to therapeutic approaches presented in the literature, rigorous planning is necessary in order to avoid iatrogenias. It is concluded that the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue should be remembered upon diagnosis of differential lateral cervical masses, and its histological origin considered, it most often being metastasis of an occluded thyroid carcinoma. The authors present a case of ectopic lateral neck thyroid tissue, in a woman aged 42 with atoxic multinodular goiter. Important considerations were accomplished about the theories to explain the origin of ectopic thyroid tissue, diagnostic methods and treatment options, reviewing the literature of the last five decades.
Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue located outside its normal topography, which may present itself along the median line of the neck or, more rarely, in the lateral cervical region. Some theories seek to explain the origin of ectopic thyroid tissue as: 1. Failure in descent of the gland; 2. Occlusion of thyroid nodules; 3. Presence of thyroid tissue in the cervical lymph node capsules; 4. Teratomatous formation; 5. Secondary to branchial anomalies. For diagnosis, a number of exams have been used, the definitive diagnosis sometimes being provided only by a histopathological study. Despite the controversies in relation to therapeutic approaches presented in the literature, rigorous planning is necessary in order to avoid iatrogenias. It is concluded that the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue should be remembered upon diagnosis of differential lateral cervical masses, and its histological origin considered, it most often being metastasis of an occluded thyroid carcinoma. The authors present a case of ectopic lateral neck thyroid tissue, in a woman aged 42 with atoxic multinodular goiter. Important considerations were accomplished about the theories to explain the origin of ectopic thyroid tissue, diagnostic methods and treatment options, reviewing the literature of the last five decades.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
tireoide ectópica, cervical lateral, diagnóstico, tratamento, ectopic thyroid tissue, lateral neck, diagnosis, management
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia. ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial, v. 68, n. 1, p. 128-131, 2002.