Termoterapia de banana 'Prata-Anã' no controle de podridões em pós-colheita
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Data
2005-12-01
Autores
Moraes, Wilson da S.
Zambolim, Laércio
Lima, Juliana D. [UNESP]
Salomão, Luiz C. C.
Cecon, Paulo
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia
Resumo
O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a tolerância de banana (Musa spp.) 'Prata-Anã' (AAB) e do fungo Colletotrichum musae à termoterapia no controle de podridões em pós-colheita. Experimentos in vivo e in vitro foram instalados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, seguindo um esquema fatorial 4x5 (temperatura x tempo). Os tratamentos consistiram na imersão dos frutos (buquês) e do fungo (esporos e micélio) em água aquecida a 47, 50, 53 e 56 ºC, durante 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 min. A exposição dos frutos a 56 ºC durante 9 min causou escurecimento da casca nas extremidades dos frutos, porém, as características físicas e químicas dos frutos não foram alteradas pelos tratamentos. Frutos inoculados e tratados a 56 ºC durante 6 min não apresentaram podridões nem escurecimento da casca, enquanto aqueles não tratados apresentaram 64% da área lesionada / fruto. A partir das combinações 53 ºC / 9 mi. e 56 ºC / 3 min a germinação de esporos foi reduzida para 4% e 0%, respectivamente. A combinação 56 ºC / 12 min reduziu, mas não paralisou o crescimento micelial. O tratamento 56 ºC / 6 min retardou mas não paralisou o crescimento micelial in vitro, porém foi efetivo no controle completo das podridões in vivo. Esse tratamento evitou a manifestação de podridões no inverno (maio), mas não no verão (novembro), mostrando-se influenciado pelas condições climáticas próximas à colheita dos cachos. A termoterapia pode ser recomendada para controle de podridão em pós-colheita de banana devendo ser ajustada para diferentes estações do ano.
The objective of this study was to determine the tolerance of 'Prata-Anã' (AAB) banana (Musa spp.) fruits and of Colletotrichum musae to thermotherapy in postharvest rot control. In vivo and in vitro experiments were installed in a completely randomized design, arranged in a 4x5 factorial scheme (temperature x time immersion). Treatments were the immersion of fruits and fungus (spores and mycelium) in water heated at 47, 50, 53 and 56 ºC from 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 min. The exposure of fruits at 56 ºC for 9 min caused blackening in fruit extremities. Chemical and physical fruit characteristics were not changed by treatments. Inoculated and treated fruits at 56 ºC during 6 min did not show rot and peel blackening, while non-treated fruits have shown 64% of lesions/fruit. From the combinations 53 ºC / 9 min and 56 ºC / 3 min, spore germination was reduced to 4% e 0% respectively. The combination 56 ºC / 12 min retarded but did not stop mycelial growth. Treatments 56 ºC / 6 min did not stop mycelial growth in vitro, but was effective in vivo rot control. This treatment avoided rot manifestation in the winter (May) but did not in the summer (November), being influenced by environmental conditions near to bunch harvest. Thermotherapy can be recommended for banana postharvest rot control adapted to different seasons of the year.
The objective of this study was to determine the tolerance of 'Prata-Anã' (AAB) banana (Musa spp.) fruits and of Colletotrichum musae to thermotherapy in postharvest rot control. In vivo and in vitro experiments were installed in a completely randomized design, arranged in a 4x5 factorial scheme (temperature x time immersion). Treatments were the immersion of fruits and fungus (spores and mycelium) in water heated at 47, 50, 53 and 56 ºC from 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 min. The exposure of fruits at 56 ºC for 9 min caused blackening in fruit extremities. Chemical and physical fruit characteristics were not changed by treatments. Inoculated and treated fruits at 56 ºC during 6 min did not show rot and peel blackening, while non-treated fruits have shown 64% of lesions/fruit. From the combinations 53 ºC / 9 min and 56 ºC / 3 min, spore germination was reduced to 4% e 0% respectively. The combination 56 ºC / 12 min retarded but did not stop mycelial growth. Treatments 56 ºC / 6 min did not stop mycelial growth in vitro, but was effective in vivo rot control. This treatment avoided rot manifestation in the winter (May) but did not in the summer (November), being influenced by environmental conditions near to bunch harvest. Thermotherapy can be recommended for banana postharvest rot control adapted to different seasons of the year.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Colletotrichum musae, antracnose, infecção latente, Colletotrichum musae, anthracnose, latent infecction
Como citar
Fitopatologia Brasileira. Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia, v. 30, n. 6, p. 603-608, 2005.