Aumento da atividade dos sistemas antioxidantes modula o estresse oxidativo na saliva de crianças com cárie precoce severa
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Data
2016-03-31
Autores
Silva, Priscila Vieira da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estresse oxidativo é atribuído a um desequilíbrio entre a ação de sistemas antioxidantes com a produção exacerbada de radicais livres, como espécies reativas de oxigênio. A atividade dos sistemas antioxidantes enzimáticos e não enzimáticos, são uma poderosa defesa do corpo contra danos causados pelos radicais livres. Biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo podem ser observados na saliva de adultos e crianças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os níveis de estresse oxidativo e a atividade de sistema antioxidante enzimático, como a superóxido dismutase (SOD) e não-enzimático como o ácido úrico (AU) na saliva de crianças na primeira infância (0-3 anos de idade) que apresentaram cárie precoce severa da infância (S-ECC do inglês, severe early childhood caries). Amostras de saliva não estimuladas foram coletadas pela manhã, durante 5 minutos, usando o Salivette® em crianças de 0-3 anos de idade, com cárie precoce severa na infância (n = 30) e em crianças livres de cárie (n = 30) de escolas públicas de Araçatuba – SP. Foram feitas as avaliações de estresse oxidativo (EO), pela medida da peroxidação lipídica, da capacidade antioxidante total (CAT), pelo método FRAP, bem como de sistema antioxidante enzimático, avaliando a atividade da SOD e não enzimático pela avaliação do UA, salivares. Os dados foram analisados por programa estatístico Graph Pad Prism, versão 5.0 e comparados pelo teste t de Student (p <0,05). Níveis de proteína elevados foram observados na saliva de crianças S-ECC quando comparados ao grupo livre de cárie. O dano oxidativo foi menor na saliva de S-ECC, enquanto a CAT salivar, atividade da SOD e ácido úrico salivares foram mais elevados em S-ECC quando comparados ao grupo livre de cárie. Nosso estudo demonstrou que o menor dano oxidativo observado na saliva de S-ECC estaria associado ao aumento da atividade de sistemas antioxidantes enzimático e não enzimático.
Oxidative stress is attributed to an imbalance between the antioxidant systems activity and the increased production of free radicals such as reactive oxygen species. The activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems are a powerful defense of the body against damage caused by free radicals. Oxidative stress biomarkers can be observed in the saliva of adults and children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system activity, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nonenzymatic as uric acid (UA) in the saliva of toddlers (0-3 years old) with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Unstimulated saliva samples were collected in the morning during 5 minutes using Salivette® in S-ECC children (n = 30) and in caries-free children (n = 30) of public schools in Araçatuba - SP. We evaluated the salivary protein level by Lowry method, and the oxidative stress (OS) by lipid peroxidation. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was analyzed by FRAP method. The activity of salivary SOD and salivary UA were assessed as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, respectively. Data were analyzed by statistical program Graphpad Prism version 5.0 and the results were compared between groups by Student's t test (p <0.05). High protein levels were observed in the saliva of S-ECC children when compared to caries-free group. Oxidative damage was lower in S-ECC group, while the salivary TAC, SOD activity and salivary UA were higher in S-ECC when compared to the caries-free group. This study demonstrated that decreased oxidative damage was associated with the increased activities of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in S-ECC saliva.
Oxidative stress is attributed to an imbalance between the antioxidant systems activity and the increased production of free radicals such as reactive oxygen species. The activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems are a powerful defense of the body against damage caused by free radicals. Oxidative stress biomarkers can be observed in the saliva of adults and children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system activity, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nonenzymatic as uric acid (UA) in the saliva of toddlers (0-3 years old) with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Unstimulated saliva samples were collected in the morning during 5 minutes using Salivette® in S-ECC children (n = 30) and in caries-free children (n = 30) of public schools in Araçatuba - SP. We evaluated the salivary protein level by Lowry method, and the oxidative stress (OS) by lipid peroxidation. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was analyzed by FRAP method. The activity of salivary SOD and salivary UA were assessed as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, respectively. Data were analyzed by statistical program Graphpad Prism version 5.0 and the results were compared between groups by Student's t test (p <0.05). High protein levels were observed in the saliva of S-ECC children when compared to caries-free group. Oxidative damage was lower in S-ECC group, while the salivary TAC, SOD activity and salivary UA were higher in S-ECC when compared to the caries-free group. This study demonstrated that decreased oxidative damage was associated with the increased activities of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in S-ECC saliva.
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Palavras-chave
Dental caries, Children, Saliva, Oxidative stress, Superoxide dismutase, Uric acid, Cárie dentária, Criança, Estresse oxidativo, Superóxido dismutase, Ácido úrico