Produção e conforto térmico de bovinos da raça Nelore terminados em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária
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Data
2017-02-09
Autores
Aranha, Helena Sampaio [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a pastagem, o conforto térmico e o desempenho de bovinos Nelore na fase de terminação em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária com duas densidades de árvores (196 árvores ha-1 e 448 árvores ha-1) e pastagem convencional (PC). Foram avaliados a massa de forragem, composição morfológica e taxa de acúmulo diário da pastagem, e dos animais o ganho médio diário, ganho de peso por área, taxa de lotação, conforto térmico e parâmetros hematológicos. A massa de forragem foi superior no tratamento PC e no verão. A porcentagem de folha, colmo e taxa de acúmulo diário foram maiores no verão que no outono. Não houve diferenças estatísticas para o ganho de peso dos animais entre os tratamentos avaliados. A temperatura ambiente, a temperatura do globo e índice de temperatura e umidade foram melhores nos tratamentos com sombreamento e nos períodos da manhã. Para os parâmetros hematológicos o volume globular foi menor no sistema de PC. Conclui-se que os sistemas com componente arbóreo reduzem a quantidade de massa de forragem e melhoram o conforto térmico, em relação ao sistema de PC, mas não influencia o desempenho dos animais e os parâmetros hematológicos, exceto o volume globular.
The objective of this work was to evaluate pasture, thermal comfort and performance of Nelore cattle in the finishing phase in integrated systems of agricultural production with two tree densities (196 ha-1 trees and 448 ha-1 trees) and conventional pasture (PC). The forage mass, morphological composition and daily accumulation rate of the pasture were evaluated, and of the animals the average daily gain, weight gain per area, stocking rate, thermal comfort and haematological parameters were evaluated. The forage mass was higher in PC treatment and summer. The percentage of leaf, stem and daily accumulation rate were higher in the summer than in the autumn. There were no statistical differences for the weight gain of the animals among the evaluated treatments. Ambient temperature, globe temperature and temperature and humidity index were better in shade treatments and in the morning. For the haematological parameters the globular volume was lower in the PC system. It is concluded that the systems with arboreal component reduce the amount of forage mass and improve the thermal comfort, in relation to the PC system, but does not influence the performance of the animals and the haematological parameters, except the globular volume.
The objective of this work was to evaluate pasture, thermal comfort and performance of Nelore cattle in the finishing phase in integrated systems of agricultural production with two tree densities (196 ha-1 trees and 448 ha-1 trees) and conventional pasture (PC). The forage mass, morphological composition and daily accumulation rate of the pasture were evaluated, and of the animals the average daily gain, weight gain per area, stocking rate, thermal comfort and haematological parameters were evaluated. The forage mass was higher in PC treatment and summer. The percentage of leaf, stem and daily accumulation rate were higher in the summer than in the autumn. There were no statistical differences for the weight gain of the animals among the evaluated treatments. Ambient temperature, globe temperature and temperature and humidity index were better in shade treatments and in the morning. For the haematological parameters the globular volume was lower in the PC system. It is concluded that the systems with arboreal component reduce the amount of forage mass and improve the thermal comfort, in relation to the PC system, but does not influence the performance of the animals and the haematological parameters, except the globular volume.
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Palavras-chave
Bem-estar, Desempenho, Massa de forragem, Sistemas integrados