Expressão de proteínas em híbridos de milho geneticamente modificado sob ação de estresse hídrico e infestação de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidotera: Noctuidae)
Arquivos
Data
2017-02-21
Autores
Favoreto, Ana Laura [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As mudanças climáticas previstas para os próximos anos indicam incremento na temperatura em 1,4°C a 5,8°C em decorrência, principalmente, do aumento da concentração dos gases de efeito estufa, além de alterações na umidade relativa e taxas de CO2 da atmosfera terrestre. Essa mudança influenciará diretamente nos regimes de chuvas, promovendo veranicos e/ou excessos em determinadas regiões. Dessa forma, o objetivo da dissertação foi avaliar os efeitos do estresse hídrico em plantas de milho Bt sob situações de estresse frente ao ataque de S. frugiperda. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em esquema fatorial triplo em blocos casualizados com quatro lâminas de irrigação (estimadas a partir da tensão do solo): L1- 50% da capacidade de campo (CC) considerada estresse severo, L2- 75% CC estresse moderado, L3- 100% CC controle e L4-125% CC excesso de água; três eventos de milho: PowerCore® (Cry1A.105 Cry2Ab2 Cry1F PAT CP4-ESPS), Herculex ® (Cry1F PAT) e Optimum® Intrasect® (Cry1Ab Cry1F PAT CP4-EPSPS) e três infestações (sem infestação, população S. frugiperda suscetível ao milho Bt e população S. frugiperda resistente ao Bt). Quando as plantas atingiram o estádio fenológico de V8 (fase considerada mais suscetível ao ataque de S. frugiperda e de maior atuação dos mecanismos de ativação de sistema enzimático) foram infestadas artificialmente, por 24h e após este período folhas do terço médio da planta foram coletas para análise enzimática. Os híbridos que ficaram sob estresses hídricos apresentaram o desenvolvimento menor quando comparados com os demais estudados, por outro lado as análises e determinações de enzimas foram realizadas em laboratório, sendo não significativa para Polifenoloxidase e Fenilalanina-amônia-liase. Significativa para Peroxidase em fatores isolados (água, infestação e milho); interações duplas para Superóxido-dismutase (milho e infestação) e interação tripla para Fenóis (milho e infestação e lâmina de água). As altas taxas das enzimas peroxidase e superóxido dismutase diminuíram as atividades das proteínas, significando que sob estresse as plantas deixam a síntese de proteínas para realizar hidrólise para combater as espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO’s), a produção de proteínas é de extrema significância pois coloca em risco a tecnologia voltada para o controle de lagartas.
The climate changes foreseen for the next years show an increase in temperature of 1.4°C to 5.8°C , mainly due to the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases, besides relative humidity alterations and CO2 rates changes of the Earth's atmosphere. This change will directly influence rainfall regimes, promoting summer and / or excess in certain regions. Thus, the objective of the dissertation was to evaluate the effects of water stress in Bt maize plants under stress situations facing the attack of S. frugiperda. The experimental design used was a randomized triple block design with four irrigation slides (estimated from soil tension): L1- 50% of field capacity (CC) severe stress, L2-75% CC moderate stress, L3 -100% CC control and L4-125% CC water excess; (Cry1A.10 Cry1A PAT C4-EPSPS), Herculex® (Cry1F PAT) and Optimum® Intrasect® (Cry1Ab Cry1F PAT CP4-EPSPS) and three infestations (non-infestation, susceptible S. frugiperda population to Bt maize and Bt resistant S. frugiperda population). When plants reached the phenological stage of V8 (phase considered more susceptible to S. frugiperda attack and of greater performance of the mechanisms of activation of enzymatic system), they were infested artificially for 24 hours. After this period, leaves of the middle third of the plant were collected for enzymatic analysis. The development of the hybrids that were under water stresse was slower than other hybrid studied. On the other hand, the analyzes and determinations of enzymes were carried out in the laboratory, and were not significant for Polyphenoloxidase and Phenylalanine ammonia liase. They were significant for Peroxidase in isolated factors (water, infestation and corn); for double interactions for superoxide dismutase (corn and infestation) and for triple interaction for phenols (corn and infestation and irrigation). Peroxidase enzymes and superoxide dismutase high rates decreased the proteins activities meaning that under stress the plants stop synthesizing proteins in order to perform hydrolysis to fight the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, protein production is extremely significant, once it places technology for caterpillar control is at stake.
The climate changes foreseen for the next years show an increase in temperature of 1.4°C to 5.8°C , mainly due to the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases, besides relative humidity alterations and CO2 rates changes of the Earth's atmosphere. This change will directly influence rainfall regimes, promoting summer and / or excess in certain regions. Thus, the objective of the dissertation was to evaluate the effects of water stress in Bt maize plants under stress situations facing the attack of S. frugiperda. The experimental design used was a randomized triple block design with four irrigation slides (estimated from soil tension): L1- 50% of field capacity (CC) severe stress, L2-75% CC moderate stress, L3 -100% CC control and L4-125% CC water excess; (Cry1A.10 Cry1A PAT C4-EPSPS), Herculex® (Cry1F PAT) and Optimum® Intrasect® (Cry1Ab Cry1F PAT CP4-EPSPS) and three infestations (non-infestation, susceptible S. frugiperda population to Bt maize and Bt resistant S. frugiperda population). When plants reached the phenological stage of V8 (phase considered more susceptible to S. frugiperda attack and of greater performance of the mechanisms of activation of enzymatic system), they were infested artificially for 24 hours. After this period, leaves of the middle third of the plant were collected for enzymatic analysis. The development of the hybrids that were under water stresse was slower than other hybrid studied. On the other hand, the analyzes and determinations of enzymes were carried out in the laboratory, and were not significant for Polyphenoloxidase and Phenylalanine ammonia liase. They were significant for Peroxidase in isolated factors (water, infestation and corn); for double interactions for superoxide dismutase (corn and infestation) and for triple interaction for phenols (corn and infestation and irrigation). Peroxidase enzymes and superoxide dismutase high rates decreased the proteins activities meaning that under stress the plants stop synthesizing proteins in order to perform hydrolysis to fight the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, protein production is extremely significant, once it places technology for caterpillar control is at stake.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Enzimas antioxidantes, Zea mays L., Lagarta-do-cartucho, Estresse