A obrigatoriedade da educação infantil e a construção das práticas pedagógicas na pré-escola da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Franca/SP
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Data
2017-03-06
Autores
Malta, Deise Aparecida Silva [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a implementação, no município de Franca, da Lei nº 12.796/2013, a qual torna obrigatória a oferta gratuita de educação básica a partir dos quatro anos, bem como a organização das práticas pedagógicas da pré-escola da rede municipal de ensino, a partir desta Lei. Considerando a finalidade da pré-escola e a relevância da prática docente para a efetivação do desenvolvimento integral da criança em seus aspectos físico, afetivo, intelectual, linguístico e social, o estudo por meio de pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e entrevista semiestruturada, buscou verificar se a referida Lei interferiu no currículo da pré-escola. Para a realização da pesquisa, construiu-se um referencial teórico que permitiu o conhecimento dos aspectos da história da educação infantil no Brasil e o percurso da pré-escola no município de Franca. A entrevista com os professores e coordenadores pedagógicos da pré-escola e a observação em sala de aula favoreceu o conhecimento das práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas e o modelo de currículo instituído. A pesquisa em questão também buscou conhecer os resultados da formação continuada oferecida aos docentes para o aprimoramento da prática pedagógica e para a qualidade do trabalho desenvolvido. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que a Lei nº12796/2013 não interferiu no currículo da pré-escola, o qual apresenta um modelo escolarizante que consiste na transmissão de conteúdos e no preparo do aluno para o Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa, contribuiu, ainda, para a construção de uma proposta de formação continuada aos profissionais que atuam na Educação Infantil, visando assegurar os dispositivos legais previstos no art. Art. 62-A da Lei nº 12.796/2013 necessários a uma educação que respeite as particularidades da infância e favoreça o pleno desenvolvimento das crianças.
The current research Project aims to investigate the implementation, in the Municipality of Franca , of the Law nº 12.796/2013, which makes the free offer of the Basic Education for children over four years, compulsory., as well the organization of the pedagogic practices of the city´s municipal Pre-School education system, from this law. Considering the purpose of the Pre-School and the relevance of the teaching practice for the realization of the integral development of the child in their physical, affective, intellectual, linguistic and social development, the study through documentary, bibliographical research and semistructured interview guide, sought to verify if the law interfered in the Pre-School´s curriculum. For the accomplishment of the research, it was constructed a theoretical framework that allowed the knowledge of aspects of the history of early childhood education in Brazil and the of the pre - school in the city of Franca. The interview with the teachers and pedagogic coordinators from Pre-School and the classroom observation favoured the knowledge of pedagogical practices developed and the model of curriculum constituted. The research in question also sought to know the results of the continued training offered to teachers to Education improve their pedagogical practice and the quality of the work developed. The research results demonstrated that the Law nº 12796/2013 did not interfere in the Pre-School´s curriculum, which presents a learning model which consists in the transmission of content and in the preparation of the student for Elementary School. The research also contributed to the construction of a proposal for continuing education for professionals who work in the Childhood Education, aiming to ensure the legal devices provided by the article 62 of Law nº 12.796/2013 needed for an education that respects the particularities of childhood and encourages the full development of children.
The current research Project aims to investigate the implementation, in the Municipality of Franca , of the Law nº 12.796/2013, which makes the free offer of the Basic Education for children over four years, compulsory., as well the organization of the pedagogic practices of the city´s municipal Pre-School education system, from this law. Considering the purpose of the Pre-School and the relevance of the teaching practice for the realization of the integral development of the child in their physical, affective, intellectual, linguistic and social development, the study through documentary, bibliographical research and semistructured interview guide, sought to verify if the law interfered in the Pre-School´s curriculum. For the accomplishment of the research, it was constructed a theoretical framework that allowed the knowledge of aspects of the history of early childhood education in Brazil and the of the pre - school in the city of Franca. The interview with the teachers and pedagogic coordinators from Pre-School and the classroom observation favoured the knowledge of pedagogical practices developed and the model of curriculum constituted. The research in question also sought to know the results of the continued training offered to teachers to Education improve their pedagogical practice and the quality of the work developed. The research results demonstrated that the Law nº 12796/2013 did not interfere in the Pre-School´s curriculum, which presents a learning model which consists in the transmission of content and in the preparation of the student for Elementary School. The research also contributed to the construction of a proposal for continuing education for professionals who work in the Childhood Education, aiming to ensure the legal devices provided by the article 62 of Law nº 12.796/2013 needed for an education that respects the particularities of childhood and encourages the full development of children.
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Palavras-chave
Educação infantil, Práticas pedagógicas, Políticas públicas, Formação docente, Pré-escola, Early childhood education, Pedagogical practices, Public policies, Teacher training, Pre-school