Efeito do óleo mineral e do óleo de milho sobre a próstata de gerbilos
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Data
2017-03-03
Autores
Guerra, Luiz Henrique Alves [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Embora haja indícios de que o óleo mineral apresente atividade estrogênica in vitro, a influência do óleo mineral purificado em estudos de desregulação endócrina é desconhecida. Um modelo interessante para esse tipo de estudo é a próstata, uma glândula dependente de hormônios esteróides para sua manutenção, sendo sensível a substâncias que interferem nas vias endócrinas. Uma alternativa de veículo utilizado em pesquisas científicas é o óleo de milho, entretanto esse óleo possui fitoesteróis em sua composição, o que pode comprometer seu uso em pesquisas principalmente na área de endocrinologia. Como atualmente não há informações da comparação dos efeitos de diferentes veículos sobre a próstata de animais de laboratório, este estudo comparou, pela primeira vez, a ação do óleo mineral e do óleo de milho sobre a morfofisiologia da próstata de gerbilos. Para isso, gerbilos machos adultos (90 dias de idade, n = 6) foram separados em 3 grupos experimentais: controle intacto (CI), gavagem com óleo mineral (MO) e gavagem com óleo de milho (CO). Os óleos, mineral e de milho, foram administrados aos animais de 90 a 115 dias de idade, via gavagem, que logo após, aos 116 dias de idade, foram eutanasiados. As próstatas foram removidas e processadas para análise histológica. Foram realizadas análises morfométricas, biométricas, estereológicas e de imunohistoquímicas para de a detecção de receptores de andrógenos (AR) e estrógenos (ERS1, ERS2). Os níveis séricos de testosterona e estradiol foram determinados por ensaios ELISA. O tratamento com óleo mineral aumentou a expressão de AR e de ERS1, além da concentração sérica de estradiol. Já o tratamento com óleo de milho diminuiu a expressão de AR, e aumentou a expressão de ERS1 e ERS2. Ainda, o tratamento com óleo mineral aumentou a espessura da camada muscular envolvendo os ácinos. Estes dados mostram que tanto o óleo mineral quanto o de milho causaram alterações morfológicas na próstata dos gerbilos. No entanto, as alterações morfológicas decorrentes da exposição ao óleo mineral foram mais expressivas indicando seu potencial papel como desregulador endócrino.
Even though there are indications that mineral oil has in vitro estrogenic activity, the influence of purified mineral oil in endocrine deregulation studies is unknown. An interesting model for this kind of study is the prostate, a gland dependent on steroid hormones for its maintenance, and sensible to substances that interfere with the endocrine pathways. An alternative vehicle used in scientific researches is the corn oil; nevertheless, this oil has phytosterols in its composition, and this can compromise its use in researches, mainly in the endocrinology area. As it is not an information comparing the effects of different vehicles on a prostate of laboratory animals, this study compared, for the first time, the action of mineral and corn oil on the prostate morphophysiology of gerbils. For this, adult male gerbils (90 days old, n=6) were divided in three experimental groups: intact control (IC), mineral oil (MO) and corn oil (CO). Mineral and corn oil were administered to animals from 90 to 115 days old, by gavage, and the animals were euthanized at 116 days old. Morphometric, biometric, stereological and immunohistochemistry analyses for androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ERS1, ERS2) detection were performed. Serum levels of testosterone and estradiol were determined by ELISA assay. Treatment with mineral oil increased the AR and ERS1 expression, besides the serum level of estradiol. On the other hand, the treatment with corn oil decreased the AR expression, and enhanced the ERS1 and ERS2 expression. Furthermore, both treatments raised the muscle layer thickness around the prostatic acini. These data show that both mineral and corn oil caused morphological alterations on the gerbils prostate. Nevertheless, the morphological alterations due to mineral oil exposure were more significant, indicating its potential role as endocrine disrupting.
Even though there are indications that mineral oil has in vitro estrogenic activity, the influence of purified mineral oil in endocrine deregulation studies is unknown. An interesting model for this kind of study is the prostate, a gland dependent on steroid hormones for its maintenance, and sensible to substances that interfere with the endocrine pathways. An alternative vehicle used in scientific researches is the corn oil; nevertheless, this oil has phytosterols in its composition, and this can compromise its use in researches, mainly in the endocrinology area. As it is not an information comparing the effects of different vehicles on a prostate of laboratory animals, this study compared, for the first time, the action of mineral and corn oil on the prostate morphophysiology of gerbils. For this, adult male gerbils (90 days old, n=6) were divided in three experimental groups: intact control (IC), mineral oil (MO) and corn oil (CO). Mineral and corn oil were administered to animals from 90 to 115 days old, by gavage, and the animals were euthanized at 116 days old. Morphometric, biometric, stereological and immunohistochemistry analyses for androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ERS1, ERS2) detection were performed. Serum levels of testosterone and estradiol were determined by ELISA assay. Treatment with mineral oil increased the AR and ERS1 expression, besides the serum level of estradiol. On the other hand, the treatment with corn oil decreased the AR expression, and enhanced the ERS1 and ERS2 expression. Furthermore, both treatments raised the muscle layer thickness around the prostatic acini. These data show that both mineral and corn oil caused morphological alterations on the gerbils prostate. Nevertheless, the morphological alterations due to mineral oil exposure were more significant, indicating its potential role as endocrine disrupting.
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Palavras-chave
Próstata, Gerbilo, Óleo mineral, Óleo vegetal, Prostate, Gerbil, Oil