Preparação, caracterização e avaliação da incorporação de biochar ao solo para germinação de sementes de Pinus elliottii
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Data
2017-08-11
Autores
Oliveira, Daiane de Moura Costa [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As florestas nativas são muito exploradas devido à crescente demanda de madeira e seus derivados para suprir o mercado consumidor, deixando evidente a importância das florestas plantadas como recurso para suprir a demanda comercial. O Pinus é uma espécie que se destaca devido a sua adaptabilidade aos mais diversos ambientes brasileiros. As indústrias beneficiadoras da matéria-prima para geração de madeira se caracterizam por gerar grande quantidade de resíduos denominados de “serragem”, muitas vezes sem destinação. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi de gerar biochar através do processo de pirólise em diferentes temperaturas: 300º, 400º, 500º e 600ºC utilizando serragem de pinus spp. e avaliar sua incorporação ao solo na forma de substrato para germinação e desenvolvimento de mudas. Os biochar foram caracterizados quanto ao rendimento por pirólise e determinados seus teores de cinzas e carbono fixo segundo a norma ABNT NBR 8112/86. Todos os dados analisados desde a granulometria, caracterização físico-química, análises de germinação e o índice de qualidade de mudas através da metodologia de DICKSON, foram submetidos à analise estatísticas por teste de confrontamento de médias Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Pode-se concluir que houve diferença significativa nos tratamentos que foram incorporados biochar, comprovando estatisticamente que o BC400, BC500 e BC600 obtiveram os melhores resultados o que também foi confirmado pelo índice de qualidade de mudas (IQD); não houve diferença entre nenhum tratamento com relação à quantidade de biochar e/ou serragem incorporada ao solo.
Native forests are overexploited due to growing demand for wood and its derivatives to meet the consumer market, making it clear the importance of planted forests as a resource to meet the commercial demand. The pine is a species that stands out because of its adaptability to the most diverse Brazilian environments. The beneficiary industries of the raw material for the generation of wood are characterized by generating large amounts of waste called "sawdust", often without destination. The objective of this research was to generate biochar through pyrolysis process at different temperatures: 300, 400th, 500th and 600 ° C using spp pine sawdust. and evaluate its incorporation into the soil as substrate for germination and seedling development. The biochar were characterized in terms of yield determined by pyrolysis and their ash content and fixed carbon according to ABNT NBR 8112/86. All data from the analyzed particle, physicochemical characterization, analysis germination and seedling quality index through Dickson method, were subjected to statistical analysis by means confronting Tukey test at 5% probability. It can be concluded that there was significant difference in treatments which were incorporated into biochar, proving that statistically BC400, BC500 and BC600 obtained the best results which was also confirmed by the changes of quality index (DCI); there was no treatment difference with respect to the amount of biochar and / or sawdust incorporated into the soil.
Native forests are overexploited due to growing demand for wood and its derivatives to meet the consumer market, making it clear the importance of planted forests as a resource to meet the commercial demand. The pine is a species that stands out because of its adaptability to the most diverse Brazilian environments. The beneficiary industries of the raw material for the generation of wood are characterized by generating large amounts of waste called "sawdust", often without destination. The objective of this research was to generate biochar through pyrolysis process at different temperatures: 300, 400th, 500th and 600 ° C using spp pine sawdust. and evaluate its incorporation into the soil as substrate for germination and seedling development. The biochar were characterized in terms of yield determined by pyrolysis and their ash content and fixed carbon according to ABNT NBR 8112/86. All data from the analyzed particle, physicochemical characterization, analysis germination and seedling quality index through Dickson method, were subjected to statistical analysis by means confronting Tukey test at 5% probability. It can be concluded that there was significant difference in treatments which were incorporated into biochar, proving that statistically BC400, BC500 and BC600 obtained the best results which was also confirmed by the changes of quality index (DCI); there was no treatment difference with respect to the amount of biochar and / or sawdust incorporated into the soil.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Recuperação e remediação ambiental, Biocarvão, Resíduos sólidos, Substratos, Environmental recovery and remediation, Biocarbon, Solid waste, Substrates