Revisão taxonômica e analise cladística dos gêneros de tarantulas arborícolas Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1985 e Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Aviculariinae)
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Data
2018-02-22
Autores
Gil, Yeimy Lizeth Cifuentes
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os gêneros Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895 e Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 são revisados, e a maioria das espécies são redescritas, chaves taxonômicas para a identificação de espécies são propostas e mapas de distribuição são apresentados. Tapinauchenius é composto pelas espécies: Tapinauchenius plumipes (C. L. Koch, 1842), Tapinauchenius latipes L. Koch, 1875 e Tapinauchenius sanctivincenti (Walckenaer, 1837). Tapinauchenius cupreus Schmidt & Bauer, 1996 é sinonimizada com Tapinauchenius latipes, e Tapinauchenius brunneus Schmidt, 1995 e Tapinauchenius gigas Caporiacco, 1954 são consideradas sinônimos-júniores de Tapinauchenius plumipes. Tapinauchenius concolor (Caporiacco, 1947) é considerada “nomem dubium”. Tapinauchenius elenae Schmidt, 1994 e Tapinauchenius subcaeruleus Bauer & Antonelli, 1997 são transferidas para Psalmopoeus e as novas combinações Psalmopoeus elenae (Schmidt, 1994) n. comb., e Psalmopoeus subcaeruleus (Bauer & Antonelli, 1997) n. comb. são estabelecidas. Psalmopoeus é composto por 14 espécies: Psalmopoeus cambridgei Pocock, 1895, Psalmopoeus ecclesiasticus Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus emeraldus Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus intermedius Chamberlin, 1940, Psalmopoeus irminia Saager, 1994, Psalmopoeus langenbucheri Schmidt, Bullmer & Thierer-Lutz, 2006, Psalmopoeus plantaris Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus pulcher Petrunkevitch, 1925, Psalmopoeus reduncus (Karsch, 1880), Psalmopoeus victori Mendoza, 2014, Psalmopoeus elenae (Schmidt, 1994 ) n. comb, Psalmopoeus subcaeruleus (Bauer & Antonelli, 1997) n. comb, e duas espécies novas: Psalmopoeus sp. nov 1 e Psalmopoeus sp. nov 2. Foi efetuada análise cladística com 45 táxons e 84 caracteres utilizando o programa TNT, com pesos iguais (L= 180, Ci 41, Ri= 67) e com pesagem implícita (K weight = 4.909, L= 184, Ci=41, Ri= 66). As duas metodologias usadas recuperaram Tapinauchenius e Psalmopoeus como monofiléticos e grupos irmãos dentro de Aviculariinae
The arboreal tarantula genera Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895 and Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 are taxonomically reviewed, the majority of the species are redescribed, taxonomic keys are proposed for species identification and maps with distribution of the species are presented. Tapinauchenius has three valid species: Tapinauchenius plumipes (C. L. Koch, 1842), Tapinauchenius latipes L. Koch, 1875 and Tapinauchenius sanctivincenti (Walckenaer, 1837). Tapinauchenius cupreus Schmidtt & Bauer, 1996 is synonimized with Tapinauchenius latipes, and Tapinauchenius brunneus Schmidt, 1995 and Tapinauchenius gigas Caporiacco, 1954 are considered juniorsynonyms of Tapinauchenius plumipes. Tapinauchenius concolor (Caporiacco, 1947) is considered “nomen dubium”. Tapinauchenius elenae Schmidt, 1994 and Tapinauchenius subcaeruleus Bauer & Antonelli, 1997 are transferred to Psalmopoeus making the new combinations Psalmopoeus elenae (Schmidt, 1994) n. comb., and Psalmopoeus subcaeruleus (Bauer & Antonelli, 1997) n. comb., respectively. Psalmopoeus is composed of 14 species: Psalmopoeus cambridgei Pocock, 1895, Psalmopoeus ecclesiasticus Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus emeraldus Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus intermedius Chamberli, 1940, Psalmopoeus irminia Saager, 1994, Psalmopoeus langenbucheri Schmidt, Bullmer & Thierer-Lutz, 2006, Psalmopoeus plantaris Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus pulcher Petrunkevitch, 1925, Psalmopoeus reduncus (Karsch, 1880), Psalmopoeus victori Mendoza, 2014, Psalmopoeus elenae (Schmidt, 1994 ) n. comb, Psalmopoeus subcaeruleus (Bauer & Antonelli, 1997) n. comb, two of them newly described: Psalmopoeus sp. nov 1 and Psalmopoeus sp. nov 2. Cladistic analyses for 45 taxa and 84 characters were carried out with TNT program, with equal weights ( L= 180, Ci 41, Ri= 67) and under implied weighting (K weight = 4.909, L= 184, Ci=41, Ri= 66).The two used methodologies recovered Tapinauchenius and Psalmopoeus as monophyletics and as sister groups inside Aviculariinae.
The arboreal tarantula genera Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895 and Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 are taxonomically reviewed, the majority of the species are redescribed, taxonomic keys are proposed for species identification and maps with distribution of the species are presented. Tapinauchenius has three valid species: Tapinauchenius plumipes (C. L. Koch, 1842), Tapinauchenius latipes L. Koch, 1875 and Tapinauchenius sanctivincenti (Walckenaer, 1837). Tapinauchenius cupreus Schmidtt & Bauer, 1996 is synonimized with Tapinauchenius latipes, and Tapinauchenius brunneus Schmidt, 1995 and Tapinauchenius gigas Caporiacco, 1954 are considered juniorsynonyms of Tapinauchenius plumipes. Tapinauchenius concolor (Caporiacco, 1947) is considered “nomen dubium”. Tapinauchenius elenae Schmidt, 1994 and Tapinauchenius subcaeruleus Bauer & Antonelli, 1997 are transferred to Psalmopoeus making the new combinations Psalmopoeus elenae (Schmidt, 1994) n. comb., and Psalmopoeus subcaeruleus (Bauer & Antonelli, 1997) n. comb., respectively. Psalmopoeus is composed of 14 species: Psalmopoeus cambridgei Pocock, 1895, Psalmopoeus ecclesiasticus Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus emeraldus Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus intermedius Chamberli, 1940, Psalmopoeus irminia Saager, 1994, Psalmopoeus langenbucheri Schmidt, Bullmer & Thierer-Lutz, 2006, Psalmopoeus plantaris Pocock, 1903, Psalmopoeus pulcher Petrunkevitch, 1925, Psalmopoeus reduncus (Karsch, 1880), Psalmopoeus victori Mendoza, 2014, Psalmopoeus elenae (Schmidt, 1994 ) n. comb, Psalmopoeus subcaeruleus (Bauer & Antonelli, 1997) n. comb, two of them newly described: Psalmopoeus sp. nov 1 and Psalmopoeus sp. nov 2. Cladistic analyses for 45 taxa and 84 characters were carried out with TNT program, with equal weights ( L= 180, Ci 41, Ri= 67) and under implied weighting (K weight = 4.909, L= 184, Ci=41, Ri= 66).The two used methodologies recovered Tapinauchenius and Psalmopoeus as monophyletics and as sister groups inside Aviculariinae.
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Palavras-chave
Tarântulas neotropicais, Psalmopoeinae, Selenocosmiinae, Orgão estridulatorio, Sistemática, Neotropical tarantulas, Stridulatory organ, Systematics