Os enigmas como instrumento para o desenvolvimento de autoconfiança e de atitudes positivas em relação à matemática
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Data
2018-02-23
Autores
Lima, Fabiana Chiericci
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o desenvolvimento de atitudes positivas e de autoconfiança, em relação à Matemática, em alunos do ensino fundamental I, 4º e 5º anos, por meio do uso de problemas não estruturados. Para solucionar esses problemas, que têm um perfil de enigma, os alunos em questão eram instigados a utilizar seus conhecimentos prévios, formulando questões e construindo a resolução em grupo, como um quebra-cabeça verbal. O fato de não possuir algoritmos prontos e acabados, faz com que esses problemas tragam um novo olhar do aluno para a disciplina de Matemática. E ainda, despertam a autoconfiança e as atitudes positivas por conseguirem solucionar problemas utilizando-se dos conhecimentos prévios adquiridos, ou seja, por encontrarem sentido nos conceitos matemáticos aprendidos. Essa pesquisa é de cunho quali-quantitativo que tem como eixo norteador o levantamento de dados, a compreensão de comportamentos, opiniões e expectativas e a análise da Escala de Atitudes da amostra utilizada. Através desta escala, foi possível considerar as atitudes positivas ou negativas de 16 alunos de uma escola pública estadual de ensino fundamental I da cidade de São Carlos em relação à disciplina. Considerando que o tempo foi breve e que cada indivíduo tem um tempo para ter seu insight, pode-se contemplar um resultado positivo, no qual constatamos um aumento de 31% para 75% dos alunos que passaram a ter atitudes positivas em relação à Matemática. Portanto, consideramos que há a necessidade de despertar no aluno sua autoconfiança e a atitudes positivas, o que pode contribuir para que tenham um melhor desempenho na disciplina.
The present research has as its main goal to assess the development of positive attitudes and self-reliance toward Mathematics, in students from elementary school I, 4th and 5th grades, with the use of non-structured problems. This research has a quali-quantitative status which owns a northern axis facing data collection, comprehension of behavior, opinions, and expectations, and also the Attitudes Range analysis from the sample used. Through the use of this one, it was possible to consider the positive or negative attitudes from 16 students of a public state school, from elementary school I in São Carlos. With the use of non-structured problems - with a puzzle profile - the students were instigated to search in their previous knowledge the solution to the problems that did not have concluded and ready-to-use algorithms. Considering the short time, and the fact that each individual has their own timing for insight, it is possible to reach a positive outcome, in which it was possible to identify a raise from 31% to 75% from students that started having positive attitudes toward Mathematics. In conclusion, we consider that there is a necessity for waking students up for self-reliance and positive attitudes which can bring a better performance at the subject.
The present research has as its main goal to assess the development of positive attitudes and self-reliance toward Mathematics, in students from elementary school I, 4th and 5th grades, with the use of non-structured problems. This research has a quali-quantitative status which owns a northern axis facing data collection, comprehension of behavior, opinions, and expectations, and also the Attitudes Range analysis from the sample used. Through the use of this one, it was possible to consider the positive or negative attitudes from 16 students of a public state school, from elementary school I in São Carlos. With the use of non-structured problems - with a puzzle profile - the students were instigated to search in their previous knowledge the solution to the problems that did not have concluded and ready-to-use algorithms. Considering the short time, and the fact that each individual has their own timing for insight, it is possible to reach a positive outcome, in which it was possible to identify a raise from 31% to 75% from students that started having positive attitudes toward Mathematics. In conclusion, we consider that there is a necessity for waking students up for self-reliance and positive attitudes which can bring a better performance at the subject.
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Matemática, Autoconfiança, Atitudes, Resolução de problemas, Enigmas, Mathematics, Self-reliance, Attitude, Problems solving, Puzzles