Detecção e caracterização de hemoprotozoários e ectoparasitas em Nasua nasua e Didelphis spp.
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Data
2018-03-02
Autores
Silva, Maria Regina Lucas da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Animais silvestres são considerados reservatórios para uma infinidade de patógenos transmitidos por ectoparasitas, dentre os quais Hepatozoon spp. e piroplasmas; e os ectoparasitas atuam como vetores desses micro-organismos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a ocorrência de Hepatozoon spp., piroplasmas e ectoparasitas em Nasua nasua e Didelphis spp. da região peri-urbana e urbana dos municípios de Botucatu, Palmital e São Paulo, além de identificar os ectoparasitas e caracterizar morfologicamente e molecularmente os hemoparasitas encontrados. Foram coletados ectoparasitas e amostras de sangue de 69 Didelphis albiventris, 11 Didelphis aurita e 83 N. nasua. Também, foram coletadas amostras de baço e fígado de dois N. nasua e de 25 D. albiventris, para análise histológica. Os carrapatos foram identificados e dissecados para pesquisa de oocistos de Hepatozoon spp. e alguns exemplares tiveram seu DNA extraído para verificar a presença de hemoparasitas. Para identificação dos hemoparasitas foram realizados esfregaços sanguíneos, a PCR, clonagem, e posterior sequenciamento das amostras. Primeiramente, Hepatozoon procyonis foi identificado em N. nasua. Dois carrapatos Amblyomma ovale, coletados em N. nasua, também foram positivos para Hepatozoon spp. Um espécimen foi positivo para H. procyonis e o outro para Hepatozoon sp. próximo de um haplótipo de Hepatozoon americanum. Um piroplasma próximo de Babesia sp. capybara foi detectado em Amblyomma sculptum, também coletado em N. nasua. Foi detectado, pela primeira vez, infecção por Hepatozoon canis em espécimes de D. albiventris, que também foram positivos para quatro haplótipos diferentes de piroplasmas. Para finalizar, D. aurita mostrou-se infectado por Hepatozoon sp. próximo de Hepatozoon sp. detectado em um marsupial chileno (Dromiciops gliroides). Como conclusão, nós fornecemos dados sobre a epidemiologia de hemoparasitas em N. nasua e, redescrevemos H. procyonis baseado em características morfológicas, morfométricas e moleculares. Um haplótipo de H. americanum foi detectado, pela primeira vez, em A. ovale e pode representar risco de infecção por H. americanum em cães da região de Botucatu. Provavelmente, D. albiventris é um hospedeiro acidental para H. canis, mas, se infecta com piroplasmas que devem ser mais bem estudados para serem corretamente caracterizados.
Wild animals are considered reservoirs for several pathogens transmitted by ectoparasites, among which Hepatozoon spp., and piroplasms, and the ectoparasites are the vectors of these microorganisms. The present study aim to investigate the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp., piroplasms and ectoparasites in Nasua nasua and Didelphis spp., from peri-urban and urban regions of Botucatu, Palmital and São Paulo municipalities, besides to identify ectoparasites and characterize morphologically and molecularly the hemoparasites found. For this purpose, were collected ectoparasites and blood samples from 69 Didelphis albiventris, 11 Didelphis aurita e 83 N. nasua. In addition, tissue samples were collected from two N. nasua and 25 D. albiventris for histological analysis. Ticks were identified and dissected to recover oocysts of Hepatozoon spp. Some specimens of ticks had their DNA extracted for identification of hemoparasites. For parasitological diagnosis, blood smears were performed, for subsequent identification and morphometry of the parasites. The molecular diagnosis was performed by PCR or cloning and sequencing. First, we detected Hepatozoon procyonis infecting N. nasua. Amblyomma ovale collected on N. nasua was also infected by H. procyonis and by Hepatozoon sp. closely related to a Hepatozoon americanum haplotype. A piroplasm closely related to de Babesia sp. capybara was detected in Amblyomma sculptum collected also on N. nasua. We detected, for the first time, H. canis infecting specimens of D. albiventris, which was also infected with four different haplotypes of piroplasms. To finalize, Hepatozoon sp. closely related to Hepatozoon sp. detected from a Chilean marsupial infected D. aurita. In conclusion, we provided epidemiological data on hemoparasites infection in N. nasua, and redescribed H. procyonis based on morphological, morphometrical and molecular characteristics. One H. americanum haplotype was detected, for the first time, in A. ovale representing a risk of infection for dogs from Botucatu region. Probably, D. albiventris is an accidental host for H. canis, but is infected with piroplasms that should be better studied and characterized.
Wild animals are considered reservoirs for several pathogens transmitted by ectoparasites, among which Hepatozoon spp., and piroplasms, and the ectoparasites are the vectors of these microorganisms. The present study aim to investigate the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp., piroplasms and ectoparasites in Nasua nasua and Didelphis spp., from peri-urban and urban regions of Botucatu, Palmital and São Paulo municipalities, besides to identify ectoparasites and characterize morphologically and molecularly the hemoparasites found. For this purpose, were collected ectoparasites and blood samples from 69 Didelphis albiventris, 11 Didelphis aurita e 83 N. nasua. In addition, tissue samples were collected from two N. nasua and 25 D. albiventris for histological analysis. Ticks were identified and dissected to recover oocysts of Hepatozoon spp. Some specimens of ticks had their DNA extracted for identification of hemoparasites. For parasitological diagnosis, blood smears were performed, for subsequent identification and morphometry of the parasites. The molecular diagnosis was performed by PCR or cloning and sequencing. First, we detected Hepatozoon procyonis infecting N. nasua. Amblyomma ovale collected on N. nasua was also infected by H. procyonis and by Hepatozoon sp. closely related to a Hepatozoon americanum haplotype. A piroplasm closely related to de Babesia sp. capybara was detected in Amblyomma sculptum collected also on N. nasua. We detected, for the first time, H. canis infecting specimens of D. albiventris, which was also infected with four different haplotypes of piroplasms. To finalize, Hepatozoon sp. closely related to Hepatozoon sp. detected from a Chilean marsupial infected D. aurita. In conclusion, we provided epidemiological data on hemoparasites infection in N. nasua, and redescribed H. procyonis based on morphological, morphometrical and molecular characteristics. One H. americanum haplotype was detected, for the first time, in A. ovale representing a risk of infection for dogs from Botucatu region. Probably, D. albiventris is an accidental host for H. canis, but is infected with piroplasms that should be better studied and characterized.
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Palavras-chave
Animais silvestres, Hepatozoon americanum, Hepatozoon canis, Hepatozoon procyonis, piroplasmas, piroplasms, wild animals