Propagação assexuada de fruteiras da família clusiacea: bacurizeiro (Platonia insignis Mart.) e bacuparizeiro (Garcinia gardneriana (Planch & Triana). Zappi)
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2018-05-30
Autores
Leite, Marcondes Lopes
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
PROPAGAÇÃO ASSEXUADA DE FRUTEIRAS DA FAMILIA CLUSIACEA: BACURIZEIRO (Platonia insignis Mart.) E BACUPARIZEIRO (Garcinia gardneriana (Planch & Triana) Zappi). RESUMO As fruteiras bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) e bacupari (Garcinia gardneriana (Planch & Triana) Zappi).pertencem à família Clusiaceae e predominam no Norte do Brasil. Estas espécies não são domesticadas e a obtenção de frutos é feita principalmente por meios extrativos sendo raros pomares comerciais. Para à propagação por estaquia do bacurizeiro, ramos jovens foram retirados de uma planta matriz e as estacas foram obtidas como: i. estacas lenhosas, ii. estacas herbáceas com duas folhas e duas gemas na base e iii. estacas herbáceas com duas folhas, sem gemas na base. As estacas foram tratadas com ácido indol butírico (AIB) nas seguintes concentrações: 0.0 (controle), 1.000, 2.000, 3.000 e 4.000 mg.L-1. As estacas lenhosas apresentaram a maior taxa de sobrevivência (95,83%) em relação as estacas herbáceas (70 e 67,5%), sendo que em apenas uma dessas foi observado o desenvolvimento radicular (0,28%). Em relação ao bacuparizeiro, como o estiolamento tem sido utilizado para melhorar o enraizamento em espécies de difícil propagação e como não foram encontrados relatos sobre o uso de estacas estioladas para propagar esta espécie, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade dessa técnica de propagação e estudar o efeito de diferentes doses de AIB. As estacas estioladas continham um par de folhas (~12 cm de comprimento) e foram tratadas com AIB por 10 segundos (0 – controle, 500, 1.000 e 2.000 mg.L-1). O estiolamento resultou em 2,5% de estacas enraizadas quando tratadas com 500 e 1.000 mg.L-1 de AIB. O tratamento com IBA afetou a sobrevivência das estacas na fase de propagação, possivelmente ao reduzir a retenção foliar quando estas foram tratadas com concentrações de IBA superiores a 1.000 mg.L-1. Os experimentos foram realizados no outono-inverno, estes devem ser repetidos na primavera-verão, pois espécies neotropicais requerem clima quente e úmido para seu desenvolvimento.
Bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) and bacupari (Garcinia gardneriana (Planch & Triana) Zappi.) fruit trees belong to the Clusiaceae family and they predominate in the North of Brazil in the Amazonia basin. These species are not domesticated and fruit are obtained mainly by extractive means due to the inexistence of commercial orchards. To propagate bacuri by cutting, young branches were taken from an matrix bacuri tree and cuttings were obtained as: i. hardwood cuttings, ii. herbaceous stem cuttings with two leaves and two buds on the base, and iii. herbaceous stem cuttings with two leaves without buds on the base. Cuttings were treated with indolbutyric acid (IBA) in the following concentrations: 0,0 mg.L-1 (control), 1,000 mg.L-1 , 2,000 mg.L-1 , 3,000 mg.L-1 , and 4,000 mg.L-1 . The hardwood cuttings presented the biggest survival rate (95.83%) in relation to the herbaceous stem cuttings (70%, 67.50%), and in only one of this cutting was observed root development (0.28%). Regarding bacupari, as etiolation has been used to improve rooting in species which are difficult to propagate and as there is no reports regarding the use of etiolate cuttings to propagate this species, the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of this technique to propagate bacupari and to study the effect of the different doses of IBA. Etiolate cuttings contained on pair of leaves (~12 cm long), and were treated with IBA for 10 seconds (0,0-control, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg.L-1 ). Etiolation resulted in 2.5% rooted cuttings when treated with 500 and 1,000 mg.L-1 IBA. The IBA treatment affected the cuttings surviving the propagate phase possibly by reducing the foliar retention when treated with IBA concentrations superior than 1,000 mg.L-1 . The experiments were set during the autumn-winter season, they should be repeated in the spring-summer season as these species require hot and humid climate to develop.
Bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.) and bacupari (Garcinia gardneriana (Planch & Triana) Zappi.) fruit trees belong to the Clusiaceae family and they predominate in the North of Brazil in the Amazonia basin. These species are not domesticated and fruit are obtained mainly by extractive means due to the inexistence of commercial orchards. To propagate bacuri by cutting, young branches were taken from an matrix bacuri tree and cuttings were obtained as: i. hardwood cuttings, ii. herbaceous stem cuttings with two leaves and two buds on the base, and iii. herbaceous stem cuttings with two leaves without buds on the base. Cuttings were treated with indolbutyric acid (IBA) in the following concentrations: 0,0 mg.L-1 (control), 1,000 mg.L-1 , 2,000 mg.L-1 , 3,000 mg.L-1 , and 4,000 mg.L-1 . The hardwood cuttings presented the biggest survival rate (95.83%) in relation to the herbaceous stem cuttings (70%, 67.50%), and in only one of this cutting was observed root development (0.28%). Regarding bacupari, as etiolation has been used to improve rooting in species which are difficult to propagate and as there is no reports regarding the use of etiolate cuttings to propagate this species, the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of this technique to propagate bacupari and to study the effect of the different doses of IBA. Etiolate cuttings contained on pair of leaves (~12 cm long), and were treated with IBA for 10 seconds (0,0-control, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg.L-1 ). Etiolation resulted in 2.5% rooted cuttings when treated with 500 and 1,000 mg.L-1 IBA. The IBA treatment affected the cuttings surviving the propagate phase possibly by reducing the foliar retention when treated with IBA concentrations superior than 1,000 mg.L-1 . The experiments were set during the autumn-winter season, they should be repeated in the spring-summer season as these species require hot and humid climate to develop.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Regulador de crescimento, Ácido indolbutírico (AIB), Amazônia, Estiolamento, Estaquia, Growth regulator, Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), Amazonia, Etiolation, Cutting