Estudo da influência de carga alcalina na polpação Soda com pré-hidrólise de eucalyptus urograndis para produção de etanol, lignina e furfural
Data
2019-02-26
Autores
Moriyama, Aline Tomie Poglitsch
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O conceito de biorrefinaria surgiu do intuito de diminuir a dependência dos produtos oriundos do petróleo e seus consequentes problemas ambientais. Pesquisas buscam técnicas e materiais que substituam a matéria prima de origem fóssil por biomassa, agregando valor a produtos de origem renovável ou que anteriormente seriam descartados. A produção de combustíveis de 2ª geração (como bioetanol) possibilita o repasse de um custo razoável ao setor de transporte devido ao uso de matéria prima de baixo custo. A composição de forte associação entre celulose, hemicelulose e lignina exige uso de um método de pré-tratamento que atenue a interação entre os componentes da biomassa e facilite a conversão em bioprodutos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a combinação de pré-tratamentos, auto-hidrólise e polpação soda na obtenção de pasta celulósica a partir de cavacos de eucalipto. Esta polpa passa por processo de hidrólise ácida liberando açúcares que, na presença de microrganismos específicos (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) são fermentados a etanol. Cavacos de eucalipto pré-tratados por auto-hidrólise passaram por cozimentos soda em concentração de álcali ativo de 20%, 23% e 26%, estudando-se a influência da concentração de álcali no rendimento de produção de bioetanol. A polpação utilizando 20% de álcali ativo produziu rendimento de 130,30 L de etanol a partir de uma tonelada de cavacos, tendo maior impacto no rendimento que as polpações de 23% de álcali ativo, que foi responsável por uma produção de 118,8 L de etanol e de 26% de álcali ativo que produziu 101,9 L. Todos os rendimentos foram satisfatórios dado que a partir da cana-de-açúcar são produzidos em média 87,3 L de etanol.
The concept of biorefinery appear from the idea of reducing dependence on petroleum products and their consequent environmental problems. Researches seek techniques and materials that substitute the feedstock of fossil origin for biomass, adding value to products of renewable origin or that would previously be discarded. The production of second-generation fuels (such as bioethanol) makes it possible to pass along a reasonable cost to the transportation sector due to low cost raw materials use. The strong association between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin requires a pretreatment method that attenuates the interaction between biomass components and facilitates the conversion into bioproducts. It was studied the combination of, auto-hydrolysis and soda pulping (alkaline) pre-treatments to efficiently obtain cellulose must go through acid hydrolysis process. This pulp after being hydrolized liberates sugars that, in the presence of specific microorganisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), could be fermented to ethanol. Eucalyptus pretreated by auto-hydrolysis method were treated by soda pulping in active alkali concentration of 20%, 23%b and 26%, studying the influence of the alkali concentration on the yield of bioethanol. Pulping using 20% active alkali yielded 130,30L of ethanol from one ton of chips, which has better impact than the 23% active alkali pulping, which was responsible for a production of 118,8 L of ethanol and 26% active alkali pulping that produced 101,9L. All yields were satisfactory given that 87.3 L of ethanol were produced on average from sugarcane
The concept of biorefinery appear from the idea of reducing dependence on petroleum products and their consequent environmental problems. Researches seek techniques and materials that substitute the feedstock of fossil origin for biomass, adding value to products of renewable origin or that would previously be discarded. The production of second-generation fuels (such as bioethanol) makes it possible to pass along a reasonable cost to the transportation sector due to low cost raw materials use. The strong association between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin requires a pretreatment method that attenuates the interaction between biomass components and facilitates the conversion into bioproducts. It was studied the combination of, auto-hydrolysis and soda pulping (alkaline) pre-treatments to efficiently obtain cellulose must go through acid hydrolysis process. This pulp after being hydrolized liberates sugars that, in the presence of specific microorganisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), could be fermented to ethanol. Eucalyptus pretreated by auto-hydrolysis method were treated by soda pulping in active alkali concentration of 20%, 23%b and 26%, studying the influence of the alkali concentration on the yield of bioethanol. Pulping using 20% active alkali yielded 130,30L of ethanol from one ton of chips, which has better impact than the 23% active alkali pulping, which was responsible for a production of 118,8 L of ethanol and 26% active alkali pulping that produced 101,9L. All yields were satisfactory given that 87.3 L of ethanol were produced on average from sugarcane
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Palavras-chave
Polpação alcalina, Bioetanol, Biorrefinaria, Polpação soda, Bioetanol, Polpação alcalina por soda, Alkaline pulping, Bioethanol, Biorefinery, Soda pulping