Efeito da época de transplante do almeirão no consórcio com a couve
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Data
2019-07-31
Autores
Carlos, Tancredo José
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O sistema de consorciação é uma tecnologia muito utilizada na produção de hortaliças, e que influencia profundamente a produtividade das culturas, além de gerar inúmeras vantagens fitotécnicas quando manejado adequadamente; tornando-se necessários maiores estudos sobre época de estabelecimento dos consórcios, uma vez que esta afeta o período de convivência entre as espécies com reflexo nas produtividades. O objetivo foi avaliar e quantificar, por meio de índices agronômicos e ecológicos, a interação entre couve e almeirão em cultivos consorciados, distintos quanto à época de transplante do almeirão em relação à couve. Foi realizado um experimento em campo, em Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil, no período de maio a novembro de 2018. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com 9 tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4 + 1, com quatro repetições. Os fatores avaliados foram sistema de cultivo (consórcio e monocultura) e épocas de transplante do almeirão (0, 14, 28 e 42 dias após o transplante (DAT) em relação à couve, e a monocultura da couve. A produtividade da couve ‘HS-20’ em consórcio com almeirão ‘Folha Larga’ aumentou com o atraso de transplante do almeirão. A produtividade total e por colheita do almeirão não foi influenciada pela época de transplante. Consórcio de couve e almeirão proporciona maior eficiência no uso da área que suas monoculturas, e atingiu o valor máximo quanto o transplante ocorreu aos 42 dias após o transplante da couve. Os índices ecológicos atestam que a couve é a espécie dominadora e o almeirão a dominada, exceto quando transplantados no mesmo dia. Os índices agronômicos mostraram vantagens do sistema de cultivo consorciado em ralação às monoculturas. De acordo com resultados conclui-se que a couve e almeirão podem ser utilizados em sistemas de cultivo consorciado e proporcionam maior produtividade por unidade da área quando o almeirão é transplantado aos 42 dias após a couve.
The intercropping system is a technology very used in the production of vegetable, which deeply influences crop productivity, besides generating numerous phytotechnical advantages when properly managed; further studies of the intercropping establishment times are needs, since it affects the coexistence period among the species, with a reflection on the productivities .The experiment were carried out under field condition in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil in the period of May to November of 2018. in order to evaluating and quantifying by means of agronomic and ecological indices, the interaction of the species of collard green and chicory in intercropping, different regarding the time of transplanting of chicory relative to collard green. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 9 treatments, in a 2 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors evaluated were the cultivation system (intercropping and monoculture) and chicory transplant times (0, 14, 28 and 42 days after transplanting (DAT) relative to collard green and one monoculture of collard green. The yield of collard green 'HS-20’ in intercropping with chicory 'Folha Larga' increased with the delayed transplantation time of the chicory. The total yield and yield per harvest of the chicory was not influenced by the time of transplantation. The collard green and chicory in intercropping provides greater efficiency in the use of the area than their monocultures, and reached the maximum value when the transplant occurred at 42 days after the collard green transplant. Ecological indices show that the collard green is the dominant species and the chicory is the dominated species, except when transplanted on the same day. The agronomic indices showed advantages of the intercropping system in relation to monocultures. According to the results, it is concluded that the collard green and chicory can be used in intercropping systems and provide higher productivity per unit area when the chicory is transplanted at 42 days after collard green.
The intercropping system is a technology very used in the production of vegetable, which deeply influences crop productivity, besides generating numerous phytotechnical advantages when properly managed; further studies of the intercropping establishment times are needs, since it affects the coexistence period among the species, with a reflection on the productivities .The experiment were carried out under field condition in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil in the period of May to November of 2018. in order to evaluating and quantifying by means of agronomic and ecological indices, the interaction of the species of collard green and chicory in intercropping, different regarding the time of transplanting of chicory relative to collard green. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 9 treatments, in a 2 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with four replications. The factors evaluated were the cultivation system (intercropping and monoculture) and chicory transplant times (0, 14, 28 and 42 days after transplanting (DAT) relative to collard green and one monoculture of collard green. The yield of collard green 'HS-20’ in intercropping with chicory 'Folha Larga' increased with the delayed transplantation time of the chicory. The total yield and yield per harvest of the chicory was not influenced by the time of transplantation. The collard green and chicory in intercropping provides greater efficiency in the use of the area than their monocultures, and reached the maximum value when the transplant occurred at 42 days after the collard green transplant. Ecological indices show that the collard green is the dominant species and the chicory is the dominated species, except when transplanted on the same day. The agronomic indices showed advantages of the intercropping system in relation to monocultures. According to the results, it is concluded that the collard green and chicory can be used in intercropping systems and provide higher productivity per unit area when the chicory is transplanted at 42 days after collard green.
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Palavras-chave
Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala, Cichorium intybus, Eficiência de uso da área, Competição, Use area efficiency, Competition