Melhores práticas em desenvolvimento de novos produtos e desempenho: uma análise em indústrias no Brasil
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Data
2019-09-06
Autores
Araújo, Tiago Ribeiro de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Pesquisas recentes em processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) têm buscado identificar e analisar as práticas incorporadas aos projetos de novos produtos que podem influenciar o desempenho das empresas. O objetivo desta tese consiste em identificar e analisar as relações de influência entre um conjunto de práticas relativas às dimensões: Estratégia, Processo, Cultura organizacional, Clima de projeto, Pesquisa e Métricas, associadas ao PDP, e os desempenhos inovador e do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos. Como método de pesquisa, adotou-se um levantamento do tipo survey realizado em empresas dos setores automotivo, farmacoquímico e de fabricação de equipamentos. As empresas pesquisadas atuam no Brasil e possuem atividades de desenvolvimento de novos produtos. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e de modelagem de equações estruturais. Dentre os principais resultados, notou-se que (i) o conjunto de práticas relacionadas à dimensão Pesquisa apresenta influência significativa no desempenho inovador; (ii) o conjunto de práticas relacionadas à dimensão Clima de projeto demostrou possuir influência significativa no desempenho do PDP; (iii) o tamanho da empresa tem uma relação de influência inversa, ou seja, quanto maior o tamanho da empresa, menor seu desempenho inovador. Por outro lado, esperava-se que as práticas ligadas às dimensões Estratégia, Processo, Cultura organizacional e Métricas apresentassem influência significativa nos desempenhos, mas isso não foi suportado pelos resultados apresentados no modelo proposto. Devido a necessidade de constante renovação dos produtos e tecnologias nas empresas, as práticas tradicionais de PDP podem estar sendo substituídas por emergentes, tais como a gestão lean e ágil, desenvolvimento de produtos ambientalmente sustentável e a indústria 4.0, por exemplo.
Recent research on new product development (NPD) has aimed to identify practices embedded in new product projects that can influence company performance and management. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze the relations of influence between a set of practices related to the following dimensions: Strategy, Process, Organizational culture, Project Climate, Research and Metrics associated with the NPD and with the innovative performances of the NPD process. As a research method, a survey was carried out in companies of the Brazilian automotive, pharmaceutical and equipment manufacturing sectors which execute activities of new products development. The data obtained was analyzed by descriptive statistics and structural equations modeling. Among the main results, it was possible to identify that: (i) the set of practices related to the Research dimension presents a significant influence on the innovative performance; (ii) the set of practices related to the project Climate dimension has been shown to have a significant influence on the performance of the NPD; (iii) the size of the company has an inverse influence relation, ie, the larger the company size, the lower its innovative performance. On the other hand, it was expected that practices related to the Strategy, Process, Organizational culture and Metrics dimensions presented significant influence on performance, but that was not supported by the results presented in the proposed model. Due to the need for constant product and technology renewal in companies, traditional NPD practices can had being replaced by emerging practices such as lean and agile, sustainable new product development, and industry 4.0, for example.
Recent research on new product development (NPD) has aimed to identify practices embedded in new product projects that can influence company performance and management. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze the relations of influence between a set of practices related to the following dimensions: Strategy, Process, Organizational culture, Project Climate, Research and Metrics associated with the NPD and with the innovative performances of the NPD process. As a research method, a survey was carried out in companies of the Brazilian automotive, pharmaceutical and equipment manufacturing sectors which execute activities of new products development. The data obtained was analyzed by descriptive statistics and structural equations modeling. Among the main results, it was possible to identify that: (i) the set of practices related to the Research dimension presents a significant influence on the innovative performance; (ii) the set of practices related to the project Climate dimension has been shown to have a significant influence on the performance of the NPD; (iii) the size of the company has an inverse influence relation, ie, the larger the company size, the lower its innovative performance. On the other hand, it was expected that practices related to the Strategy, Process, Organizational culture and Metrics dimensions presented significant influence on performance, but that was not supported by the results presented in the proposed model. Due to the need for constant product and technology renewal in companies, traditional NPD practices can had being replaced by emerging practices such as lean and agile, sustainable new product development, and industry 4.0, for example.
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Melhores práticas, Desenvolvimento de produtos, Modelagem de equações estruturais, Desempenho inovador, Desempenho do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos, New product development, Best practices, Structural equation model