O uso de agrupamentos lexicais em atividades de língua inglesa para o vestibular: uma metodologia baseada em corpora
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Data
2020-03-03
Autores
Laranja, Luana Aparecida Nazzi
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Tendo como base teórico-metodológica o ensino de língua inglesa (LI) para fins específicos (IFE) (DUDLEY-EVANS; ST. JOHN, 1998) em associação com a Linguística de Corpus (LC) (BERBER SARDINHA, 2004, 2009; O’KEEFFE, MCCARTHY, CARTER, 2007; VIANA, TAGNIN, 2011), o objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a aplicabilidade do levantamento de agrupamentos lexicais para o desenvolvimento de atividades de compreensão de escrita em LI a fim de contribuir para a identificação vocabular de notícias da atualidade. Para isso, foram compilados quatro corpora de textos jornalísticos autênticos com temática saúde, tecnologia, política e mundo, advindos dos sites CNN® e BBC® (coleta em 2018) com o intuito de desenvolver atividades voltadas para o vestibular da UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista). Por meio do software Sketch Engine® foram extraídas as palavras-chave mais frequentes de cada corpus e, concomitantemente, os agrupamentos lexicais dessas palavras para posterior desenvolvimento das atividades, de modo que os exercícios tenham como base as combinações lexicais mais frequentes das notícias compiladas. Em função disso, foi possível verificar que quando o conteúdo do corpus está em consonância com o objetivo dos alunos, é possível extrair informações relevantes para o desenvolvimento de materiais úteis para a sala de aula. Assim, os textos jornalísticos foram muito importantes para os exercícios elaborados por meio dos corpora, visto que esse gênero textual é constante nos vestibulares prestados pelos alunos. A aplicação das atividades foi feita em uma escola particular de ensino regular situada no interior de São Paulo. Com o intuito de analisar o efeito das atividades com base em corpora, um questionário foi entregue aos alunos com perguntas acerca dos exercícios e sua validade no contexto de um vestibulando. A análise dos questionários apresentou um resultado positivo, visto que uma parte significativa dos estudantes respondeu que as atividades apresentadas antes da leitura dos textos os auxiliaram na compreensão dos mesmos. Cada exercício proporcionou ao aluno o contato com um vocabulário, por meio de palavras-chave e agrupamentos lexicais do próprio texto e do corpus compilado, e, ainda, despertou no aluno a consciência de uma leitura feita por meio de estratégias, como o uso e reconhecimento de agrupamentos lexicais.
Based on the theoretical and methodological approach of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) (DUDLEY-EVANS; ST. JOHN, 1998) along with the use of Corpus Linguistics (CL) BERBER SARDINHA, 2004, 2009; O'KEEFFE, MCCARTHY, CARTER, 2007; VIANA, TAGNIN, 2011), the aim of this research is to evaluate the applicability of lexical bundles for the development of reading comprehension activities in English in order to contribute to the lexical comprehension of current news. To this end, four corpora of authentic journalistic texts on health, technology, politics and world, from the CNN® and BBC® websites, were compiled (collected in 2018) in order to develop activities aimed at the entrance exam of UNESP (São Paulo State University). We extracted the most frequent keywords from each corpus with the aid of the Sketch Engine® software and, concomitantly, the lexical bundles originated from these words for further development of teaching activities, so that the exercises are based on the most frequent lexical combinations of the compiled news. As a result, it was possible to verify that when the content of the corpus is in line with the students' objective, it is possible to extract relevant information for the development of useful materials for the classroom. Thus, the journalistic texts were very important for the exercises elaborated through the corpora, since this textual genre is constant in the entrance exams applied to the students. The activities were administered to students of a private regular school located in the northwest of the state of São Paulo. In order to analyze the effect of activities based on corpora, a questionnaire was given to the students with questions about the exercises and their relevance to the context of an entrance examination. The analysis of the questionnaires showed a positive result, since a significant part of the students answered that the activities presented before the reading of the texts helped them to understand the questions. Each exercise provided the student with the contact with a vocabulary, mainly by the new vocabulary approached, through the keywords and lexical bundles from the text and the compiled corpus, and also raised the student's awareness of reading based upon strategies, such as the use and recognition of lexical bundles.
Based on the theoretical and methodological approach of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) (DUDLEY-EVANS; ST. JOHN, 1998) along with the use of Corpus Linguistics (CL) BERBER SARDINHA, 2004, 2009; O'KEEFFE, MCCARTHY, CARTER, 2007; VIANA, TAGNIN, 2011), the aim of this research is to evaluate the applicability of lexical bundles for the development of reading comprehension activities in English in order to contribute to the lexical comprehension of current news. To this end, four corpora of authentic journalistic texts on health, technology, politics and world, from the CNN® and BBC® websites, were compiled (collected in 2018) in order to develop activities aimed at the entrance exam of UNESP (São Paulo State University). We extracted the most frequent keywords from each corpus with the aid of the Sketch Engine® software and, concomitantly, the lexical bundles originated from these words for further development of teaching activities, so that the exercises are based on the most frequent lexical combinations of the compiled news. As a result, it was possible to verify that when the content of the corpus is in line with the students' objective, it is possible to extract relevant information for the development of useful materials for the classroom. Thus, the journalistic texts were very important for the exercises elaborated through the corpora, since this textual genre is constant in the entrance exams applied to the students. The activities were administered to students of a private regular school located in the northwest of the state of São Paulo. In order to analyze the effect of activities based on corpora, a questionnaire was given to the students with questions about the exercises and their relevance to the context of an entrance examination. The analysis of the questionnaires showed a positive result, since a significant part of the students answered that the activities presented before the reading of the texts helped them to understand the questions. Each exercise provided the student with the contact with a vocabulary, mainly by the new vocabulary approached, through the keywords and lexical bundles from the text and the compiled corpus, and also raised the student's awareness of reading based upon strategies, such as the use and recognition of lexical bundles.
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Palavras-chave
Linguística de corpus, Inglês para fins específicos, Compreensão escrita, Vestibular, Corpus linguistics, English for specific purposes, Written comprehension, Entrance exam