Tradução de textos clássicos latinos: uma reflexão linguística
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Data
2020-05-08
Autores
Torres, Beatriz Bueno Machado Rodrigues [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A leitura do texto clássico latino é um dos principais objetivos daqueles que se dedicam ao estudo da língua materna dos antigos romanos. Além de ler esses textos, compreendidos como objetos de significação, únicos em sua forma de expressar a cultura, pode também o especialista se dedicar a não menos importante tarefa de divulgar a cultura clássica àqueles que não dominam o idioma. A tradução torna-se, assim, uma atividade de destaque, na medida em que se constitui uma importante forma de conservação e transmissão da herança linguística, literária e cultural legada pela civilização romana. A prática tradutória é muito presente na Área dos Estudos Clássicos, assim como trabalhos acadêmicos que a têm como objetivo e versam sobre o tema. Entretanto, um levantamento bibliográfico de estudos realizados nessa área indica que a maioria destes trabalhos são desenvolvidos no campo dos estudos literários, tratando de questões referentes a literariedade do texto clássico, mas carecendo de uma reflexão sobre a linguagem que se paute de modo mais aprofundado na teoria linguística moderna. Tomando, a partir de Brodsky (1994, p. 86), a concepção de tradução como “a procura de um equivalente, e não de um substituto”, propõe-se empreender uma reflexão sobre a tradução de textos latinos, tendo como base os conhecimentos fornecidos pela teoria moderna da linguagem, em especial por Saussure e Hjelmslev, com vistas a compor a discussão sobre o tema na Área de Clássicas. O conceito saussuriano de valor ganha protagonismo para pensar sobre a noção equivalência em tradução, de uma perspectiva linguística. Volta-se, ainda, a estudos da Área da Tradução para compreender de que forma essa ideia da equivalência é tratada pelos autores. A concepção de leitura também se torna essencial na medida em que se considera que toda tradução pressupõe uma leitura. Para tratar deste tema, retoma-se, especialmente, estudos de Eco que discutem a abertura da leitura e o papel do leitor. A proposta do trabalho, enfim, consiste em compreender a noção de equivalência em tradução à luz do conceito saussuriano de valor, bem como fazer da reflexão desenvolvida um conhecimento transferível de modo que possa servir de base para o encaminhamento de questões voltadas para o ensino de tradução de textos clássicos em sala de aula.
Reading classical Latin texts is one of the main objectives of those who study the ancient romans native language. Besides reading these texts, understood as signification objects, unique in their way of express the culture, specialists can also dedicate themselves to the no less important task of disseminating the Classical Culture to those who do not dominate the language. The translation becomes, thus, a prominent activity, as far as it is an important way of conservation and transmission of linguistic, literary and cultural heritage bequeathed by the Roman civilization. The translation practice is very present in the field of Classical Studies, as well as academic works that have it as an objective and, for that reason, deal with the theme. Nonetheless, a bibliographic survey of studies carried out in this Area indicates that the most of these works are based on literary studies, dealing with the literary aspects of the classical text, but lacking a reflection about language that address more deeply the modern language theory. Taking Brodsky (1994, p.86) translation concept as “the pursuit of an equivalent, not a substitute”, it is proposed to reflect upon classical Latin texts translation, considering the knowledge provided by the modern language theory, mainly by Saussure and Hjelmslev, in order to integrate the discussion about the theme in the field of Classics. The saussurian concept of value is in the spotlight to think about the notion of equivalence in translation, from a linguistics perspective. The translation studies are invoked to comprehend in what way this idea of equivalence is treated by the authors. The reading concept also becomes essential for the discussion, as far as it is considered that every translation assumes a reading. To reflect upon this theme, Eco’s studies that discuss the reading openness and the reader role are considered. The proposition of this work, at last, is to comprehend the equivalence notion in translation, considering the saussurian concept of value, as well as making the reflection developed a transferable knowledge so that it is able to address questions regarding classical text translation teaching in a classroom environment.
Reading classical Latin texts is one of the main objectives of those who study the ancient romans native language. Besides reading these texts, understood as signification objects, unique in their way of express the culture, specialists can also dedicate themselves to the no less important task of disseminating the Classical Culture to those who do not dominate the language. The translation becomes, thus, a prominent activity, as far as it is an important way of conservation and transmission of linguistic, literary and cultural heritage bequeathed by the Roman civilization. The translation practice is very present in the field of Classical Studies, as well as academic works that have it as an objective and, for that reason, deal with the theme. Nonetheless, a bibliographic survey of studies carried out in this Area indicates that the most of these works are based on literary studies, dealing with the literary aspects of the classical text, but lacking a reflection about language that address more deeply the modern language theory. Taking Brodsky (1994, p.86) translation concept as “the pursuit of an equivalent, not a substitute”, it is proposed to reflect upon classical Latin texts translation, considering the knowledge provided by the modern language theory, mainly by Saussure and Hjelmslev, in order to integrate the discussion about the theme in the field of Classics. The saussurian concept of value is in the spotlight to think about the notion of equivalence in translation, from a linguistics perspective. The translation studies are invoked to comprehend in what way this idea of equivalence is treated by the authors. The reading concept also becomes essential for the discussion, as far as it is considered that every translation assumes a reading. To reflect upon this theme, Eco’s studies that discuss the reading openness and the reader role are considered. The proposition of this work, at last, is to comprehend the equivalence notion in translation, considering the saussurian concept of value, as well as making the reflection developed a transferable knowledge so that it is able to address questions regarding classical text translation teaching in a classroom environment.
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Palavras-chave
Latim, Linguística, Tradução, Equivalência, Latin, Linguistics, Translation, Equivalence