Influência do torque de inserção, tipo ósseo receptor e perda óssea peri-implantar na estabilidade primária e secundária de implantes cilíndricos hexágono externo e cone morse
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Data
2020-06-14
Autores
Bannwart, Lisiane Cristina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A osseointegração está relacionada à estabilidade do parafuso e influencia a taxa de sucesso de uma reabilitação com próteses implanto-suportadas, pois promove cicatrização natural e formação óssea efetiva, facilitando a preservação do implante no leito receptor. Fatores como a técnica cirúrgica, o torque de inserção, o tipo de osso receptor, e a macro e microestrutura do implante podem influenciar a estabilidade do parafuso. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar in vivo a influência do torque de inserção, tipo ósseo receptor e perda óssea peri-implantar nos valores do coeficiente de estabilidade do implante (ISQ) de implantes cilíndricos hexágono externo (HE) e cone morse (CM). Foram instalados 43 implantes em áreas edêntulas de 20 pacientes selecionados seguindo critérios de inclusão e exclusão predefinidos. Imediatamente após a instalação dos implantes (t1) foi mensurado o torque de inserção, e foi realizado a análise de frequência de ressonância, a análise radiográfica e a análise peri-implantar. Estas análises foram realizadas novamente após a osseointegração (t2), e os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente, com testes específicos para cada tipo de análise e nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram que os valores de ISQ quando mensuradas por meio da análise de frequência de ressonância (AFR) foram similares para implantes cilíndricos HE e CM. A estabilidade destes implantes foi influenciada pelo torque de inserção (torques mais baixos proporcionaram aumento da estabilidade secundária) e tipo ósseo receptor (implantes HE instalados em osso do tipo II e IV e os implantes CM instalados em ossos do tipo II e III apresentaram aumento da estabilidade secundária). Já a perda óssea peri-implantar, desde que dentro dos padrões de normalidade, não influenciou na estabilidade primária e secundária destes implantes. Assim, os resultados obtidos neste estudo recomendam que explorar e desenvolver a AFR como método de avaliação da estabilidade implantar deve ser uma busca ainda necessária das pesquisas científicas para melhor compreensão do comportamento dos implantes dentários, nos seus diversos momentos e situações na cavidade oral, bem como determinar um bom nível de estabilidade que consequentemente determinaria uma maior longevidade e funcionalidade dos implantes dentários.
Osseointegration is related to the stability of the screw and influences the success rate of a rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses, as it promotes natural healing and effective bone formation, facilitating the preservation of the implant in the recipient bed. Factors such as the surgical technique, the insertion torque, the type of recipient bone, and the macro and microstructure of the implant can influence the stability of the screw. The aim of this study was to analyze in vivo the influence of insertion torque, receptor bone type and peri-implant bone loss on the values of the implant stability coefficient (ISQ) of cylindrical external hexagon (HE) and morse cone (CM) implants. 43 implants were installed in edentulous areas of 20 selected patients following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Immediately after installing the implants (t1), insertion torque, resonance frequency, digital periapical radiograph and peri-implant evaluation were measured. These measurements were performed again after osseointegration (t2), and the data obtained were analyzed statistically, with specific tests for each type of analysis and a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the ISQ values when measured using the resonance frequency analysis (AFR) were similar for cylindrical HE and CM implants. The stability of these implants was influenced by the insertion torque (lower torques provided an increase in secondary stability) and bone recipient type (HE implants installed in type II and IV bone and CM implants installed in type II and III bones showed an increase in secondary stability). Peri-implant bone loss, provided that within normal standards, did not influence the primary and secondary stability of these implants. Thus, our studies recommend that exploring and developing AFR as a method of assessing implant stability should be a still necessary search for scientific research to better understand the behavior of dental implants, in their different moments and situations in the oral cavity, as well as determine a good level of stability that consequently would determine greater longevity and functionality of dental implants.
Osseointegration is related to the stability of the screw and influences the success rate of a rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses, as it promotes natural healing and effective bone formation, facilitating the preservation of the implant in the recipient bed. Factors such as the surgical technique, the insertion torque, the type of recipient bone, and the macro and microstructure of the implant can influence the stability of the screw. The aim of this study was to analyze in vivo the influence of insertion torque, receptor bone type and peri-implant bone loss on the values of the implant stability coefficient (ISQ) of cylindrical external hexagon (HE) and morse cone (CM) implants. 43 implants were installed in edentulous areas of 20 selected patients following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Immediately after installing the implants (t1), insertion torque, resonance frequency, digital periapical radiograph and peri-implant evaluation were measured. These measurements were performed again after osseointegration (t2), and the data obtained were analyzed statistically, with specific tests for each type of analysis and a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the ISQ values when measured using the resonance frequency analysis (AFR) were similar for cylindrical HE and CM implants. The stability of these implants was influenced by the insertion torque (lower torques provided an increase in secondary stability) and bone recipient type (HE implants installed in type II and IV bone and CM implants installed in type II and III bones showed an increase in secondary stability). Peri-implant bone loss, provided that within normal standards, did not influence the primary and secondary stability of these implants. Thus, our studies recommend that exploring and developing AFR as a method of assessing implant stability should be a still necessary search for scientific research to better understand the behavior of dental implants, in their different moments and situations in the oral cavity, as well as determine a good level of stability that consequently would determine greater longevity and functionality of dental implants.
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Palavras-chave
Osseointegração, Implantes dentários, Radiografia dentária digital, Osseointegration