Análise crítica do Programa Nacional de Controle de Resíduos e Contaminantes em carne bovina
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Data
2021-04-20
Autores
Mena, Luciana Cristina de Souza
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Visando atender às exigências legais nacionais e internacionais, as empresas brasileiras do setor de carne bovina investem expressivo valor na realização de análises de resíduos químicos em carne e derivados. Entretanto, a maioria dos resultados destas análises não apresenta violações no LMR (limite máximo de resíduos) exigido. A escassez de estudos nacionais sobre determinação da amostragem e ocorrência associadas aos resíduos em carne e derivados geram incertezas sobre a situação do país, o que resulta na imposição de rígidos e onerosos programas de controle de resíduos às empresas do setor. Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar criticamente a determinação de amostragem associada à ocorrência de resíduos químicos em carnes e derivados, para discernir grupos de resíduos com menor e maior relevância nacional e, desta forma, otimizar recursos humanos e financeiros, promovendo a eficácia dos programas de prevenção e controle de tais substâncias por parte dos estabelecimentos. Foi aplicada análise estatística multivariada utilizando-se bancos de dados disponibilizados pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento Brasileiro, o MAPA. O conteúdo desses dados refere-se aos resultados de análise de resíduos químicos, tais como: medicamentos de uso veterinário, defensivos agrícolas, metais pesados e contaminantes, de amostras colhidas por servidores do Serviço de Inspeção Federal, o SIF. O SIF colheu as amostras durante o abate de bovinos sendo elas: porções musculares da carcaça ou fígado, rim, urina. As amostras foram colhidas e analisadas entre os anos de 2015 e 2019 por laboratórios do MAPA e credenciados por ele. Os dados foram disponibilizados no primeiro semestre de 2019 e submetidos a ferramentas estatísticas para realizar-se, em seguida, análise estatística multivariada. Comparando-se os resultados dos programas nacionais de monitoramento de resíduos do Brasil, Estados Unidos e dos estados-membros da União Europeia, no período de 2015 a 2017, evidencia-se que os dados dos programas brasileiro, americano e europeu demonstraram conformidade igual a, no mínimo, 99,46%; 99,49% e 99,61%, respectivamente. O percentual de violações dos LMRs no período não excedeu 0,54% (Brasil); 0,51% (Estados Unidos) e 0,39% (União Europeia), nos mesmos anos. Palavras-chave: resíduos químicos; contaminantes ambientais; carne bovina; segurança dos alimentos, medicamentos veterinários.
In order to meet national and international legal requirements, Brazilian companies in the beef sector invest significant value in carrying out analyzes of chemical residues in meat and meat products. However, most of the results of these analyzes do not present violations in the required MRL (maximum residue limit). The shortage of national studies on determining the sampling and occurrence associated with waste in meat and meat products creates uncertainties about the country's situation, which results in the imposition of strict and costly waste control programs on companies in the sector. In this context, the present study aims to critically analyze the determination of sampling associated with the occurrence of chemical residues in meat and meat products, to discern groups of residues with lower and greater national relevance and, in this way, optimize human and financial resources, promoting the effectiveness of programs for the prevention and control of such substances by establishments. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied using databases provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, MAPA. The content of these data refers to the results of analysis of chemical residues, such as: medicines for veterinary use, pesticides, heavy metals and contaminants, from samples collected by servers of the Federal Inspection Service, the SIF. The SIF took the samples during the slaughter of cattle, which are: muscle portions of the carcass or liver, kidney, urine. The samples were collected and analyzed between the years 2015 and 2019 by MAPA laboratories and accredited by it. Data were made available in the first half of 2019 and submitted to statistical tools to perform next multivariate statistical analysis. Comparing the results of the national waste monitoring programs of Brazil, the United States of America and the member states of the European Union, in the period from 2015 to 2017, it is evident that the data from the Brazilian, American and European programs demonstrated conformity equal to at least 99.46%; 99.49% and 99.61%, respectively. The percentage of violations of the MRLs in the period did not exceed 0.54% (Brazil); 0.51% (United States) and 0.39% (European Union), in the same years. Keywords: chemical waste; environmental contaminants; beef; food safety, veterinary medicines.
In order to meet national and international legal requirements, Brazilian companies in the beef sector invest significant value in carrying out analyzes of chemical residues in meat and meat products. However, most of the results of these analyzes do not present violations in the required MRL (maximum residue limit). The shortage of national studies on determining the sampling and occurrence associated with waste in meat and meat products creates uncertainties about the country's situation, which results in the imposition of strict and costly waste control programs on companies in the sector. In this context, the present study aims to critically analyze the determination of sampling associated with the occurrence of chemical residues in meat and meat products, to discern groups of residues with lower and greater national relevance and, in this way, optimize human and financial resources, promoting the effectiveness of programs for the prevention and control of such substances by establishments. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied using databases provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, MAPA. The content of these data refers to the results of analysis of chemical residues, such as: medicines for veterinary use, pesticides, heavy metals and contaminants, from samples collected by servers of the Federal Inspection Service, the SIF. The SIF took the samples during the slaughter of cattle, which are: muscle portions of the carcass or liver, kidney, urine. The samples were collected and analyzed between the years 2015 and 2019 by MAPA laboratories and accredited by it. Data were made available in the first half of 2019 and submitted to statistical tools to perform next multivariate statistical analysis. Comparing the results of the national waste monitoring programs of Brazil, the United States of America and the member states of the European Union, in the period from 2015 to 2017, it is evident that the data from the Brazilian, American and European programs demonstrated conformity equal to at least 99.46%; 99.49% and 99.61%, respectively. The percentage of violations of the MRLs in the period did not exceed 0.54% (Brazil); 0.51% (United States) and 0.39% (European Union), in the same years. Keywords: chemical waste; environmental contaminants; beef; food safety, veterinary medicines.
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Palavras-chave
Resíduos químicos, , Contaminantes ambientais, , Carne bovina, , Segurança, Alimentos, Beef, Environmental contaminant, Veterinary drugs, Chemical residue