Estudo morfológico e molecular de quatro cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) isoladas de Triatoma melanica e Triatoma sherlocki (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae)
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Data
2021-03-19
Autores
Ambrozini, Letícia Moreno
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A doença de Chagas tem por agente etiológico o protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi. Tanto a doença como o protozoário foram descritos por Carlos Chagas em 1909. Atualmente, a doença de Chagas acomete em torno de 6 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, com média de 28 a 30 mil casos de transmissão vetorial por ano e é responsável por 2,7% da média anual de mortalidade brasileira. Assim, estudos que visam caracterizar cepas de T. cruzi que circulam em áreas endêmicas podem contribuir para o controle dessa zoonose. O presente trabalho tem por intuito estudar quatro cepas de T. cruzi isoladas de triatomíneos coletados nos estados de Minas Gerais e Bahia por parâmetros moleculares, morfométricos e taxa de infecção celular in vitro. As cepas Tmel 8 e Tmel 44 foram identificadas como pertencentes ao grupo TcI, a cepa Tsh 12 foi identificada como pertencente ao grupo TcII e a cepa Tsh 19 foi identificada como pertencente ao grupo TcIV. Foi possível observar igualdade de padrão morfométrico em relação às formas epimastigotas de todas as cepas mensuradas. A taxa de infecção celular apresentou resultados distintos dos esperados quando comparado a estudos presentes na literatura, apresentando taxa de infecção superior no período de 48h quando comparado à taxa de infecção em 72h para a cepa Tsh 19. Os resultados obtidos mostraram um novo subgrupo genotípico presente no estado da Bahia, portanto, existe a possibilidade de que possa haver subnotificação de doença de Chagas por esse subgrupo genotípico.
Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Both the disease and the protozoan were described by Carlos Chagas in 1909. Currently, Chagas disease affects around 6 million people worldwide, with an average of 28 to 30 thousand cases of vector transmission per year and is responsible for 2.7% of the annual Brazilian mortality average. Thus, studies that aim to characterize T. cruzi strains that circulate in endemic areas can contribute to the control of this zoonosis. The present work aims to study four strains of T. cruzi isolated from triatomines collected in the states of Minas Gerais and Bahia by molecular, morphometric parameters and in vitro cell infection rate. The Tmel 8 and Tmel 44 strains were identified as belonging to the TcI group, the Tsh 12 strain was identified as belonging to the TcII group and the Tsh 19 strain was identified as belonging to the TcIV group. It was possible to observe equality of morphometric pattern in relation to the epimastigote forms of all the measured strains. The rate of cell infection showed results different from those expected when compared to studies found in the literature, showing a higher rate of infection in the period of 48 hours when compared to the rate of infection in 72 hours for the Tsh 19 strain. in the state of Bahia, therefore, there is a possibility that Chagas disease may be underreported by this genotypic subgroup.
Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Both the disease and the protozoan were described by Carlos Chagas in 1909. Currently, Chagas disease affects around 6 million people worldwide, with an average of 28 to 30 thousand cases of vector transmission per year and is responsible for 2.7% of the annual Brazilian mortality average. Thus, studies that aim to characterize T. cruzi strains that circulate in endemic areas can contribute to the control of this zoonosis. The present work aims to study four strains of T. cruzi isolated from triatomines collected in the states of Minas Gerais and Bahia by molecular, morphometric parameters and in vitro cell infection rate. The Tmel 8 and Tmel 44 strains were identified as belonging to the TcI group, the Tsh 12 strain was identified as belonging to the TcII group and the Tsh 19 strain was identified as belonging to the TcIV group. It was possible to observe equality of morphometric pattern in relation to the epimastigote forms of all the measured strains. The rate of cell infection showed results different from those expected when compared to studies found in the literature, showing a higher rate of infection in the period of 48 hours when compared to the rate of infection in 72 hours for the Tsh 19 strain. in the state of Bahia, therefore, there is a possibility that Chagas disease may be underreported by this genotypic subgroup.
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Palavras-chave
Doença de Chagas, Caracterização, Trypanosoma cruzi