Polihalita como fonte de potássio na cultura do algodoeiro
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Data
2021-08-06
Autores
Ferreira, Rodrigo Marin Martins
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O manejo da adubação na cultura do algodoeiro é uma das principais ferramentas para se garantir altas produtividades e melhor qualidade de fibra. Por ocupar a quarta colocação entre os maiores produtores da cultura no mundo, o Brasil investe cada vez mais em tecnologias e manejo adequado para aumentar o potencial produtivo do país. Para tanto, visando disponibilizar melhores fontes de potássio e micronutrientes essenciais ao algodoeiro, diminuir as perdas por lixiviação e um maior residual em campo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi testar a eficiência da polihalita como fonte de potássio na cultura do algodoeiro. O experimento foi realizado em campo, na Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho – UNESP, câmpus Jaboticabal, na cidade de Jaboticabal, São Paulo. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados 2 x 5, sendo duas fontes de potássio (KCl e polihalita), em cinco diferentes proporções (100% KCl; 75% KCl + 25% polihalita; 50% KCl + 50% polihalita; 25% KCl + 75% polihalita; 100% polihalita) avaliando suas respostas para a cultivar FM 944 GL de algodoeiro. Cada parcela experimental constou de 5 linhas de plantas de algodoeiro com 10 metros cada. Os caracteres avaliados foram altura das plantas, número de capulhos por planta, massa de capulhos, massa de pluma + caroço além da análise de solo pós-colheita em cada parcela, em três profundidades, 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm e 20-40 cm. A polihalita apresentou comportamento semelhante aos fertilizantes potássicos comerciais, assumindo potencial para ser utilizada como fertilizante agrícola não só como fonte de potássio, mas também de enxofre.
The management of fertilization in the cotton crop is one of the main agricultural practices to ensure high yields and better fiber quality. Brazil ranks fourth among the largest producers, a country which invests in technology and adequate management to increase the country's productive potential. Therefore, in order to provide better sources of potassium and micronutrients to cotton, reduce losses by leaching and allow a residual in the field, the objective of this work was to test the efficiency of polyhalite as a source of potassium in the cotton crop. The experiment was carried out in the field, at the São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho – UNESP, Jaboticabal campus, in the city of Jaboticabal, São Paulo. A randomized block design 2 x 5 was used, with two potassium sources (KCl and polyhalite), in five different proportions (100% KCl; 75% KCl + 25% polyhalite; 50% KCl + 50% polyhalite; 25% KCl + 75% polyhalite; 100% polyhalite) and their responses in cotton cultivar FM 944 GL. Each experimental plot consisted of 5 rows of cotton plants with 10 meters each. The characters evaluated were plant height, number of bolls per plant, boll mass, plume + seed mass, in addition to post-harvest soil analysis in each plot, at three depths, 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm. The polyhalite presented a behavior similar to commercial potassium fertilizers, assuming potential to be used as an agricultural fertilizer not only as a source of potassium, but also as a source of sulfur.
The management of fertilization in the cotton crop is one of the main agricultural practices to ensure high yields and better fiber quality. Brazil ranks fourth among the largest producers, a country which invests in technology and adequate management to increase the country's productive potential. Therefore, in order to provide better sources of potassium and micronutrients to cotton, reduce losses by leaching and allow a residual in the field, the objective of this work was to test the efficiency of polyhalite as a source of potassium in the cotton crop. The experiment was carried out in the field, at the São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho – UNESP, Jaboticabal campus, in the city of Jaboticabal, São Paulo. A randomized block design 2 x 5 was used, with two potassium sources (KCl and polyhalite), in five different proportions (100% KCl; 75% KCl + 25% polyhalite; 50% KCl + 50% polyhalite; 25% KCl + 75% polyhalite; 100% polyhalite) and their responses in cotton cultivar FM 944 GL. Each experimental plot consisted of 5 rows of cotton plants with 10 meters each. The characters evaluated were plant height, number of bolls per plant, boll mass, plume + seed mass, in addition to post-harvest soil analysis in each plot, at three depths, 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm. The polyhalite presented a behavior similar to commercial potassium fertilizers, assuming potential to be used as an agricultural fertilizer not only as a source of potassium, but also as a source of sulfur.
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Palavras-chave
Gossypium hirsutum, Algodoeiro, Produtividade agrícola, Adubos e fertilizantes