Desempenho agronômico, adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja avaliados em ensaio preliminar
Carregando...
Data
2021-09-30
Autores
Costa, Ana Paula Lira [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Um dos desafios para o melhoramento genético de plantas é a seleção de genótipos cada vez mais adaptados, produtivos e estáveis aos ambientes de cultivo, sem ocorrerem perdas nas características agronômicas desejadas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar por diferentes metodologias, o desempenho agronômico de genótipos de soja visando seleção para ensaios de Valor de Cultivo e Uso. O experimento foi conduzido em campo no delineamento de blocos ao acaso com duas repetições, onde, avaliou-se 50 genótipos de soja, incluindo 3 testemunhas, durante dois anos agrícolas (2018/2019 e 2019/2020). Foram avaliados os caracteres agronômicos: número de dias para maturidade, número de dias para florescimento, altura de planta na maturidade, peso de mil grãos, acamamento, teor de óleo e produtividade de grãos. Para determinação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade produtiva dos genótipos, foram utilizadas e comparadas as metodologias de predição multivariada de GGE biplot e modelos mistos REML/BLUP, utilizando os caracteres agronômicos principais de produção e teor de óleo, que possuem importância industrial na alimentação humana e animal. Os métodos de análises apresentaram divergências quanto ao ordenamento de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, entretanto, foram unânimes em considerar como superiores os genótipos: 24, 29, 30, 32, 34 e 42 para produtividade e 4, 17, 37 e 44 para teor de óleo. A genealogia predominante dos genótipos selecionados consiste no cruzamento biparental, com exceção do genótipo 24, que é oriundo de cruzamento quádruplo.
One of the challenges for the genetic improvement of plants is the selection of genotypes that are increasingly adapted, productive and stable to the cultivation environments, without losing the desired agronomic traits. The objective of this work was to characterize, by different methodologies, the agronomic performance of soybean genotypes for selection for Cultivation Value and Use trials. The experiment was conducted in the field in a randomized block design with two replications, where 50 were evaluated. soybean genotypes, including 3 checks, during two agricultural years (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). Agronomic characters were evaluated: number of days to maturity, number of days to flowering, plant height at maturity, weight of a thousand grains, lodging, oil content and grain yield. To determine the adaptability and productive stability of the genotypes, GGE biplot multivariate prediction methodologies and REML/BLUP mixed models were used and compared, using the main agronomic characters of production and oil content, which are of industrial importance in human and animal nutrition. The methods of analysis showed differences regarding the ordering of adaptability and stability, however, they were unanimous in considering the genotypes as superior: 24, 29, 30, 32, 34 and 42 for yield and 4, 17, 37 and 44 for oil content. The predominant pedigree of the selected genotypes consists of biparental crosses, with the exception of genotype 24, which comes from a quadruple cross.
One of the challenges for the genetic improvement of plants is the selection of genotypes that are increasingly adapted, productive and stable to the cultivation environments, without losing the desired agronomic traits. The objective of this work was to characterize, by different methodologies, the agronomic performance of soybean genotypes for selection for Cultivation Value and Use trials. The experiment was conducted in the field in a randomized block design with two replications, where 50 were evaluated. soybean genotypes, including 3 checks, during two agricultural years (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). Agronomic characters were evaluated: number of days to maturity, number of days to flowering, plant height at maturity, weight of a thousand grains, lodging, oil content and grain yield. To determine the adaptability and productive stability of the genotypes, GGE biplot multivariate prediction methodologies and REML/BLUP mixed models were used and compared, using the main agronomic characters of production and oil content, which are of industrial importance in human and animal nutrition. The methods of analysis showed differences regarding the ordering of adaptability and stability, however, they were unanimous in considering the genotypes as superior: 24, 29, 30, 32, 34 and 42 for yield and 4, 17, 37 and 44 for oil content. The predominant pedigree of the selected genotypes consists of biparental crosses, with the exception of genotype 24, which comes from a quadruple cross.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análise multivariada, GGE biplot, Glycine max, Modelos mistos, Reml/blup, Mixed model, Multivariate analysis