Desafios para implementação de parcerias público-privadas na área de gestão de resíduos sólidos no Brasil: análise à luz do controle externo exercido pelo TCESP
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Data
2021-12-08
Autores
Andreotti, Luiz Felipe Fermoselli
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
É certo que a busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável, proteção ambiental e promoção de saúde pública no Brasil, esbarra na disposição inadequada de resíduos. Assim, neste estudo buscou-se analisar o arranjo institucional das Parcerias Público-Privadas no segmento de gestão de resíduos sólidos no país. O exame recaiu, primeiramente, sobre a evolução histórica e situação
atual do tratamento de resíduos sólidos no país, passando pelas principais leis que permeiam o tema, com destaque para a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos e Novo Marco do Saneamento Básico. A partir de então, abordou-se a gestão de resíduos sólidos como serviço público essencial e as dificuldades de concretização das regras definidas pela PNRS por parte
da Administração Pública. Então, explicou-se as formas de prestação dos serviços, conferindo destaque às PPPs como modelo mais viável e, em seguida, tratando sobre suas principais características. Na sequência, tratou-se dos desafios e da complexidade de estruturação de projetos de PPP na área de gestão de resíduos e sobre o controle e fiscalização exercidos pelo MP e Tribunais de Contas, principalmente em sede de exame prévio de edital no Estado de São Paulo. Assim, por meio da análise das decisões do TCESP entre os exercícios de 2011 e 2021 foram identificadas as principais causas de suspensão e cancelamento do exame prévio de editais de PPP no segmento de manejo de resíduos. É nessa perspectiva que o presente trabalho, por meio de uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica e jurisprudencial, busca entender os principais desafios para implementação de iniciativas de PPPs na área de gestão de resíduos sólidos no Brasil.
It is certain that the search for sustainable development, environment protection and promotion of public health in Brazil stumble upon inadequate waste disposal. Thus, this study sought to analyze the institutional arrangement of Public-Private Partnerships in the segment of solid waste manegement in the country. The examination first focused on the historical evolution and current situation of solid waste treatment in the country, going through the main laws that permeate the subject, especially the National Policy on Solid Waste and the New Framework for Basic Sanitation. Thereafter, this study adressed to the manegement of solid waste as an essential public service and the difficulties of implementation of the rules defined by the PNRS by the Public Administration. Therefore, it explains the forms of service provision, highlighting PPPs as the most viable model, and addressing their main characteristics. Next, this study discusses the challenges and complexity of structuring PPP projects in waste manegement area and the control and supervision exercised by the MP and Courts of Auditors, especially in the seat of prior examination of public notice in the State of São Paulo. Thus, through the analysis of the TCESP decisions between the years 2011 and 2021, the main causes for suspension and cancellation of the prior examination of PPP public notices in the segment of waste manegement were identified. It is in this perspective that the present work, through an extensive bibliographical and case law research, seeks to understand the mais challenges for the implementation of PPPs initiatives in the area of solid waste manegement in Brazil.
It is certain that the search for sustainable development, environment protection and promotion of public health in Brazil stumble upon inadequate waste disposal. Thus, this study sought to analyze the institutional arrangement of Public-Private Partnerships in the segment of solid waste manegement in the country. The examination first focused on the historical evolution and current situation of solid waste treatment in the country, going through the main laws that permeate the subject, especially the National Policy on Solid Waste and the New Framework for Basic Sanitation. Thereafter, this study adressed to the manegement of solid waste as an essential public service and the difficulties of implementation of the rules defined by the PNRS by the Public Administration. Therefore, it explains the forms of service provision, highlighting PPPs as the most viable model, and addressing their main characteristics. Next, this study discusses the challenges and complexity of structuring PPP projects in waste manegement area and the control and supervision exercised by the MP and Courts of Auditors, especially in the seat of prior examination of public notice in the State of São Paulo. Thus, through the analysis of the TCESP decisions between the years 2011 and 2021, the main causes for suspension and cancellation of the prior examination of PPP public notices in the segment of waste manegement were identified. It is in this perspective that the present work, through an extensive bibliographical and case law research, seeks to understand the mais challenges for the implementation of PPPs initiatives in the area of solid waste manegement in Brazil.
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Palavras-chave
Resíduos sólidos, PPPs, Tribunais de Contas, São Paulo, Solid waste, Court of Auditors, São Paulo