Parametrização de um sensor de ultrassom para estimar a produtividade de massa seca do capim Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.)
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Data
2022-05-30
Autores
Oliveira, Andre Roberto Franco
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O método do sensor de ultrassom em pastagens pode se destacar dos demais por permitir que as leituras sejam realizadas com o sensor acima do dossel sem o contato direto e de forma contínua ou seja, sem a necessidade de serem realizadas ponto-a-ponto como nos demais métodos indiretos. Esses dois aspectos permitem que o sensor possa ser embarcado em veículos para movimentos constantes como drone, pivô central de irrigação, motos, proporcionando maior rapidez na amostragem quando comparado ao disco medidor que o método indireto mais utilizado no mundo e que pode requerer mais de 160 leituras para se alcançar uma precisão aceitável. O objetivo do trabalho é parametrizar e comparar modelos matemáticos para estimar a produtividade de MS da parte aérea do Cynodon spp. (Tifton 85), utilizando como inputs alturas do dossel obtidas por uma trena e estimadas com um sensor de ultrassom. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos completos casualizados com esquema fatorial duplo 4x4 e 4 repetições (n= 64). Os tratamentos corresponderam as alturas entre o sensor ultrassônico em relação a superfície do solo (0,5, 1,0, 1,5, 2,0 metros), e os períodos de mensuração em cada rebrotação (7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a desfolha do capim), ao longo da estação de verão dos anos de 2020 e 2021. A produtividade de MS por tratamento foi utilizada como variável dependente e as respectivas alturas medidas e estimadas (sensor de ultrassom e régua) como variáveis independentes. O modelo apresenta regressão linear e positivas entre a produtividade e os períodos avaliados dos tratamentos 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 e 2,0 metros, apresentando coeficiente de determinação (R²) de 0,97; 0,98; 0,94 e 0,92, respectivamente. A parametrização do modelo matemático para o sensor de ultrassom do capim tifton 85 foi efetivo. O sensor de ultrassom pode ser calibrado e utilizado como ferramenta de gestão pecuária para a estimativa de produtividade de matéria seca do capim Tifton 85.
The ultrasound sensor method in pastures can stand out from the others because it allows the readings to be carried out with the sensor above the canopy without direct contact and in a continuous way, that is, without the need to be carried out point-topoint as in the other indirect methods. These two aspects allow the sensor to be embedded in vehicles for constant movements such as drones, irrigation center pivot, motorcycles, providing faster sampling when compared to the measuring disk than the most used indirect method in the world and which may require more than 160 minutes. readings to achieve acceptable accuracy. The objective of this work is to parameterize and compare mathematical models to estimate the productivity of MS in the aerial part of Cynodon spp. (Tifton 85), using as inputs canopy heights obtained by a tape measure and estimated with an ultrasound sensor. The experimental design adopted was in complete randomized blocks with a 4x4 double factorial scheme and 4 replications (n= 64). The treatments corresponded to the heights between the ultrasonic sensor in relation to the soil surface (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 meters), and the measurement periods in each regrowth (7, 14, 21 and 28 days after grass defoliation), throughout the summer season of 2020 and 2021. DM productivity per treatment was used as a dependent variable and the respective measured and estimated heights (ultrasound sensor and ruler) as independent variables. The model presents linear and positive regression between productivity and the evaluated periods of the treatments 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 meters, presenting a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.97; 0.98; 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. The parameterization of the mathematical model for the Tifton 85 grass ultrasound sensor was effective. The ultrasound sensor can be calibrated and used as a livestock management tool to estimate Tifton 85 grass dry matter productivity.
The ultrasound sensor method in pastures can stand out from the others because it allows the readings to be carried out with the sensor above the canopy without direct contact and in a continuous way, that is, without the need to be carried out point-topoint as in the other indirect methods. These two aspects allow the sensor to be embedded in vehicles for constant movements such as drones, irrigation center pivot, motorcycles, providing faster sampling when compared to the measuring disk than the most used indirect method in the world and which may require more than 160 minutes. readings to achieve acceptable accuracy. The objective of this work is to parameterize and compare mathematical models to estimate the productivity of MS in the aerial part of Cynodon spp. (Tifton 85), using as inputs canopy heights obtained by a tape measure and estimated with an ultrasound sensor. The experimental design adopted was in complete randomized blocks with a 4x4 double factorial scheme and 4 replications (n= 64). The treatments corresponded to the heights between the ultrasonic sensor in relation to the soil surface (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 meters), and the measurement periods in each regrowth (7, 14, 21 and 28 days after grass defoliation), throughout the summer season of 2020 and 2021. DM productivity per treatment was used as a dependent variable and the respective measured and estimated heights (ultrasound sensor and ruler) as independent variables. The model presents linear and positive regression between productivity and the evaluated periods of the treatments 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 meters, presenting a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.97; 0.98; 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. The parameterization of the mathematical model for the Tifton 85 grass ultrasound sensor was effective. The ultrasound sensor can be calibrated and used as a livestock management tool to estimate Tifton 85 grass dry matter productivity.
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Palavras-chave
Drone, Método indireto, Modelo empírico, Zootecnia de precisão, Indirect method, Empirical model, Precision animal husbandry