Toxicidade diferencial de agrotóxicos utilizados em citros para Neoseiulus californicus, Euseius concordis e Brevipalpus phoenicis
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Data
2011-01-01
Autores
Silva, Marcos Zatti da [UNESP]
Sato, Mário Eidi
Oliveira, Carlos Amadeu Leite de [UNESP]
Rais, Débora Soller
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) é considerada uma das principais pragas em citros no Brasil, devido à transmissão do vírus da leprose dos citros e à necessidade de frequentes aplicações de acaricidas para seu controle. Assim, objetivou-se comparar a toxicidade dos principais agrotóxicos utilizados em citros no Brasil, sobre populações de B. phoenicis e de ácaros predadores das espécies Neoseiuluscalifornicus (McGregor) e Euseius concordis (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Foram avaliadas duas populações de E. concordis: uma procedente de Jaboticabal (SP) e outra de Descalvado (SP). Arenas de folhas (para fitoseídeos) ou frutos (para B. phoenicis) de Citrus sinensis Osbeck (L.) cv. Pera, contendo 25 fêmeas adultas de cada espécie foram pulverizadas em torre de Potter. As avaliações de mortalidade foram realizadas 72 horas após a aplicação. Foram utilizadas 4 a 6 concentrações de cada produto (abamectina, acefato, azociclotina, bifentrina, clorfenapir, dicofol, dinocape, óxido de fembutatina, propargito e piridabem) para a obtenção das curvas de concentração-resposta. Abamectina, azociclotina, clorfenapir, dicofol, dinocape, óxido de fembutatin, propargito e piridabem foram altamente tóxicos a B. phoenicis, com valores de CL90 iguais ou inferiores aos das concentrações recomendadas desses produtos. N. californicus foi mais tolerante a bifentrina, propargito, óxido de fembutatina e dinocape que B. phoenicis e E. concordis (ambas as populações). Esses acaricidas tiveram baixa toxicidade aos adultos de N. californicus, para o qual as CL50 foram pelo menos seis vezes maiores que suas concentrações recomendadas. Acefato foi extremamente tóxico a E. concordis, mas inócuo a adultos de N. californicus. A população de E. concordis de Jaboticabal foi mais resistente que a de Descalvado a azociclotina, bifentrina, clorfenapir, dicofol e propargito.
Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) is considered one of the most important pests on citrus in Brazil, due to the transmission of Citrus leprosis virus and the necessity of frequent acaricide applications for its control. This study was carried out to compare the toxicity of the main pesticides used on citrus in Brazil to the populations of B. phoenicis and the predaceous mites Neoseiuluscalifornicus (McGregor), Euseius concordis (Chant). Two populations of E. concordis were evaluated: one from Jaboticabal County and other from Descalvado County, State of São Paulo. Arenas of leaves (for phytoseiids) and fruits (for B. phoenicis) of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pera with 25 adult females of each species were sprayed under Potter spray tower. The mortality was assessed 72 hours after treatment. Four to six concentrations of each chemical (abamectin, acephate, azocyclotin, bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, dicofol, dinocap, fenbutatin oxide, propargite and pyridaben) were used to obtain the concentration-mortality curves. Abamectin, azocyclotin, chlorfenapyr, dicofol, dinocap, fenbutatin oxide, propargite and pyridaben were highly toxic to B. phoenicis, presenting LC90 values equal or lower than the recommended concentrations of the chemicals. N. californicus was more tolerant to bifenthin, propargite, fenbutatin oxide and dinocap than B. phoenicis and E. concordis (both populations). These pesticides presented low toxicity to the adults of N. californicus, for which the LC50 of chemicals were at least six times higher than their recommended concentrations. Acephate was extremely toxic to E. concordis from Descalvado and Jaboticabal, but innocuous to adults of N. californicus. The population of E. concordis from Jaboticabal was more resistant to azocyclotin, bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, dicofol and propargite than that from Descalvado.
Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) is considered one of the most important pests on citrus in Brazil, due to the transmission of Citrus leprosis virus and the necessity of frequent acaricide applications for its control. This study was carried out to compare the toxicity of the main pesticides used on citrus in Brazil to the populations of B. phoenicis and the predaceous mites Neoseiuluscalifornicus (McGregor), Euseius concordis (Chant). Two populations of E. concordis were evaluated: one from Jaboticabal County and other from Descalvado County, State of São Paulo. Arenas of leaves (for phytoseiids) and fruits (for B. phoenicis) of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Pera with 25 adult females of each species were sprayed under Potter spray tower. The mortality was assessed 72 hours after treatment. Four to six concentrations of each chemical (abamectin, acephate, azocyclotin, bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, dicofol, dinocap, fenbutatin oxide, propargite and pyridaben) were used to obtain the concentration-mortality curves. Abamectin, azocyclotin, chlorfenapyr, dicofol, dinocap, fenbutatin oxide, propargite and pyridaben were highly toxic to B. phoenicis, presenting LC90 values equal or lower than the recommended concentrations of the chemicals. N. californicus was more tolerant to bifenthin, propargite, fenbutatin oxide and dinocap than B. phoenicis and E. concordis (both populations). These pesticides presented low toxicity to the adults of N. californicus, for which the LC50 of chemicals were at least six times higher than their recommended concentrations. Acephate was extremely toxic to E. concordis from Descalvado and Jaboticabal, but innocuous to adults of N. californicus. The population of E. concordis from Jaboticabal was more resistant to azocyclotin, bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, dicofol and propargite than that from Descalvado.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
predatory mite, leprosis mite, phytoseiid, acaricides, Resistance, Ácaro predador, Ácaro da leprose, fitoseídeo, acaricidas, Resistência
Como citar
Bragantia. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, v. 70, n. 1, p. 87-95, 2011.