Tomografia Computadorizada no diagnóstico de COVID-19
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2022-12-01
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No cenário de pandemia, a infecção causada por SARS-CoV-2, que resulta num quadro de COVID-19, provoca sintomas como tosse, dispneia e dor muscular, e com a alta taxa de contágio, as autoridades preconizaram medidas efetivas para realização de diagnóstico confiável e precoce, a fim de prevenir a sobrecarga dos sistemas de saúde e evitar o aumento do número de óbitos. Dessa maneira, devido a certas complicações em relação à realização de RT-PCR e sua taxa de sensibilidade, em particular no início dos sintomas, introduziu-se o uso de achados tomográficos como ferramenta no diagnóstico precoce de COVID-19, dado que características típicas nas imagens facilitam a identificação de casos positivos em meio aos suspeitos. Ainda assim, o diagnóstico por TC não deve ser visto como triagem ou padrão, visto que esse método apresenta baixa especificidade. A relevância da tomografia computadorizada aumenta conforme as autoridades de saúde pública enfrentam as adversidades que envolvem o diagnóstico da doença, tornando indispensável a discussão sobre o papel fundamental que essa metodologia adquiriu durante a pandemia, ademais, a sugestão que diversos trabalhos e estudos recomendam quanto ao uso de imagens tomográficas tanto no diagnóstico quanto na progressão da doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico por meio das bases de pesquisas de periódicos científicos a respeito do diagnóstico do coronavírus através de tomografia computadorizada contextualizando os achados radiológicos da doença com o prognóstico de pacientes. Essa pesquisa muito pode contribuir com trabalhos futuros sobre COVID-19.
In a pandemic scenario, the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, which results in COVID-19, causes symptoms such as cough, dyspnea and muscle pain, and with the high rate of contagion, the authorities recommended effective measures to carry out reliable and early diagnosis, in order to prevent the overload of health systems and avoid the increase in the number of deaths. Thus, due to certain complications related to performing RT-PCR and its sensitivity rate, particularly at the onset of symptoms, the use of tomographic findings was introduced as a tool in the early diagnosis of COVID-19, given that typical characteristics in the images facilitate the identification of positive cases among suspects. Even so, diagnosis by CT should not be seen as a screening or standard, as this method has low specificity. The relevance of computed tomography increases as public health authorities face the adversities that involve the diagnosis of the disease, making it essential to discuss the fundamental role that this methodology acquired during the pandemic, in addition to the suggestion that several works and studies recommend regarding the use of tomographic images both in the diagnosis and in the progression of the disease. The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographical survey through the research bases of scientific journals regarding the diagnosis of the coronavirus through computed tomography, contextualizing the radiological findings of the disease with the prognosis of patients. This research can contribute a lot to future work on COVID-19.
In a pandemic scenario, the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, which results in COVID-19, causes symptoms such as cough, dyspnea and muscle pain, and with the high rate of contagion, the authorities recommended effective measures to carry out reliable and early diagnosis, in order to prevent the overload of health systems and avoid the increase in the number of deaths. Thus, due to certain complications related to performing RT-PCR and its sensitivity rate, particularly at the onset of symptoms, the use of tomographic findings was introduced as a tool in the early diagnosis of COVID-19, given that typical characteristics in the images facilitate the identification of positive cases among suspects. Even so, diagnosis by CT should not be seen as a screening or standard, as this method has low specificity. The relevance of computed tomography increases as public health authorities face the adversities that involve the diagnosis of the disease, making it essential to discuss the fundamental role that this methodology acquired during the pandemic, in addition to the suggestion that several works and studies recommend regarding the use of tomographic images both in the diagnosis and in the progression of the disease. The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographical survey through the research bases of scientific journals regarding the diagnosis of the coronavirus through computed tomography, contextualizing the radiological findings of the disease with the prognosis of patients. This research can contribute a lot to future work on COVID-19.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
COVID-19, Coronavírus, Tomografia computadorizada, Achados radiológicos