Gestão ambiental em pequenas propriedades olerícolas: avaliação e priorização de danos ambientais
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Data
2023-01-30
Autores
Oliveira, Décio de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Algumas práticas inadequadas de cultivos nas propriedades rurais podem promover consequências negativas ao meio físico, biótico e antrópico. No cenário das pequenas propriedades agrícolas brasileiras, a olericultura exerce um papel importante tanto para produção de alimentos quanto para geração de renda. Entretanto, a produção de olerícolas requer uma constante interação com o ambiente que resulta em benefícios econômicos e também danos ambientais. Sendo assim, torna-se necessário conhecer e priorizar esses danos, para melhoria das técnicas de manejo da produção e aprimoramento no processo de gestão. Nesse contexto, aperfeiçoar às técnicas de maneira a entender e mitigar os danos ambientais, torna possível propor rotinas de gerenciamento que garantam a otimização de processos e ações nas pequenas propriedades. O presente trabalho, tem como objetivo, descrever os aspectos ambientais das atividades de produção em pequenas propriedades olericolas identificando os danos ambientais e suas consequências. O estudo foi realizado em três pequenas propriedades agrícola dentro dos municípios de Araçoiaba da Serra - SP e Capela do Alto – SP. Para tanto foram levantados dados sobre os danos ambientais de cada propriedade e organizado em uma tabela. Para melhor compreensão a respeito da gestão das pequenas propriedades rurais, aplicou se um questionário para os olericultores. Um método para ponderação dos danos ambientais foi aplicado. Essa ponderação permitiu uma pré priorização identificando os danos por meio dos atributos Intensidade, amplitude, temporalidade e reversibilidade. Para refinar a ponderação e priorizar os danos ambientais mais significativos, tais informações foram empregadas numa matriz de priorização da gravidade, urgência e tendência (GUT). Os resultados obtidos após o uso da matriz GUT, mostrou que para cada propriedade rural as prioridades de gerenciamento dos danos foram diferentes. A priorização no gerenciamento do dano na propriedade 1 é com relação ao reservatório de água; a propriedade 2 é saúde e segurança ocupacional; e os danos a serem priorizados da propriedade 3 é relacionado a perda de produtividade. A gestão ambiental nas pequenas propriedades olerícolas, busca manter um desenvolvimento econômico adequado, gerenciando os danos ambientais e em contrapartida, assegurar a proteção e preservação dos recursos naturais.
Some inappropriate cultivation practices on rural properties can have negative consequences for the physical, biotic and anthropic environment. In the scenario of small Brazilian agricultural properties, horticulture plays an important role both for food production and for income generation. However, the production of vegetables requires a constant interaction with the environment that results in economic benefits and also environmental damage. Therefore, it is necessary to know and prioritize these damages, in order to improve production management techniques and improve the management process. In this context, improving techniques in order to understand and mitigate environmental damage makes it possible to propose management routines that guarantee the optimization of processes and actions in small properties. The objective of this work is to describe the environmental aspects of production activities in small vegetable farms identifying environmental damage and its consequences. The study was carried out in three small agricultural properties within the municipalities of Araçoiaba da Serra - SP and Capela do Alto - SP. For that, data on the environmental damage of each property were collected and organized in a table. For a better understanding of the management of small rural properties, a questionnaire was applied to olive growers. A method for weighting environmental damage was applied. This weighting allowed a pre-prioritization identifying the damages through the attributes Intensity, amplitude, temporality and reversibility. To refine the weighting and prioritize the most significant environmental damages, such information was used in a severity, urgency and tendency (GUT) prioritization matrix. The results obtained after using the GUT matrix showed that for each rural property the damage management priorities were different. The priority in managing the damage on property 1 is in relation to the water reservoir; property 2 is occupational health and safety; and the damage to be prioritized for property 3 is related to loss of productivity. Environmental management in small vegetable farms seeks to maintain adequate economic development, managing environmental damage and, on the other hand, ensuring the protection and preservation of natural resources.
Some inappropriate cultivation practices on rural properties can have negative consequences for the physical, biotic and anthropic environment. In the scenario of small Brazilian agricultural properties, horticulture plays an important role both for food production and for income generation. However, the production of vegetables requires a constant interaction with the environment that results in economic benefits and also environmental damage. Therefore, it is necessary to know and prioritize these damages, in order to improve production management techniques and improve the management process. In this context, improving techniques in order to understand and mitigate environmental damage makes it possible to propose management routines that guarantee the optimization of processes and actions in small properties. The objective of this work is to describe the environmental aspects of production activities in small vegetable farms identifying environmental damage and its consequences. The study was carried out in three small agricultural properties within the municipalities of Araçoiaba da Serra - SP and Capela do Alto - SP. For that, data on the environmental damage of each property were collected and organized in a table. For a better understanding of the management of small rural properties, a questionnaire was applied to olive growers. A method for weighting environmental damage was applied. This weighting allowed a pre-prioritization identifying the damages through the attributes Intensity, amplitude, temporality and reversibility. To refine the weighting and prioritize the most significant environmental damages, such information was used in a severity, urgency and tendency (GUT) prioritization matrix. The results obtained after using the GUT matrix showed that for each rural property the damage management priorities were different. The priority in managing the damage on property 1 is in relation to the water reservoir; property 2 is occupational health and safety; and the damage to be prioritized for property 3 is related to loss of productivity. Environmental management in small vegetable farms seeks to maintain adequate economic development, managing environmental damage and, on the other hand, ensuring the protection and preservation of natural resources.
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Agricultura, Gestão ambiental, Olericultura, Agriculture, Environmental management