Processamento mínimo em goiabas 'Paluma' e 'Pedro Sato': 2. Avaliação química, sensorial e microbiológica
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Data
2003-12-01
Autores
Mattiuz, Ben-Hur [UNESP]
Durigan, José Fernando [UNESP]
Rossi Júnior, Oswaldo Durival [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
Resumo
Foram utilizados frutos de goiabeiras das cultivares Pedro Sato e Paluma, provenientes de pomar comercial, no estádio de maturação de vez, correspondente à coloração verde-mate e considerados ótimo para o consumo. Os frutos foram inicialmente imersos em solução de hipoclorito de sódio (150mg de cloro.L-1) por 5 minutos, para desinfecção superficial. Pessoas treinadas, utilizando proteção adequada e equipamentos desinfetados descascaram os frutos, cortaram-nos longitudinalmente ao meio e eliminaram a polpa com as sementes, em ambiente a 12°C. Após enxágüe com água clorada (20mg de cloro.L-1) foram embalados em contentores de tereftalato de polietileno (PET) com tampa. Estas unidades foram armazenadas a 3°C por 10 dias. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas ao longo do período. Determinaram-se quimicamente os conteúdos de lignina, ácido ascórbico, acidez total titulável, sólidos solúveis totais e porcentagem de solubilização das pectinas, bem como as variáveis sensoriais de textura, sabor e preferência. A textura tornou-se mais frágil e os conteúdos de ácido ascórbico se reduziram, ao longo do período de armazenamento, nos produtos de ambas as cultivares. Durante este período houve aumento no conteúdo de lignina e manutenção dos conteúdos de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT) e da relação SST/ATT. O produto da cultivar Pedro Sato apresentou menor perda de textura que o da 'Paluma', sendo considerado pelos provadores como o mais saboroso e, portanto, o mais preferido. Devido aos cuidados higiênicos tomados durante o processamento o produto apresentou baixa contagem microbiana (< 10³ UFC.g-1), em todas as avaliações efetuadas.
Two cultivars of guava fruit, Pedro Sato and Paluma, were studied. They were both obtained from a commercial orchard, at the maturation stage of ready for harvest, corresponding to a dull-green coloration and considered perfect for eating. The fruits were initially immersed in a solution of sodium hypochlorite (150mg.L-1 chlorine) for 5 min, for superficial disinfection. Trained personnel, using adequate protection and disinfected equipment, peeled the fruits, cut them longitudinally down the middle and removed the pulp with the seeds, at a temperature of 12°C. After rinsing with chlorinated water (20mg.L-1 chlorine) the fruit halves were packaged in polyethylene terephthalate containers. These units were stored at 3°C for 10 days. Microbiological analyses were performed throughout the study. Chemical analyses of the products were carried out to determine the contents of lignin, ascorbic acid, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids and the percentage of solublized pectin, in addition to testing for the sensory variables of texture, flavor and preference. For both cultivars the texture became more fragile and the ascorbic acid content reduced during the storage period. During this period there was an increase in lignin content and no change in total soluble solids (TSS) content, total titratable acidity (TTA) and the TSS/TTA ratio. The product of the Pedro Sato cultivar showed less loss of texture than that of 'Paluma,' considered by the tasters as the one with more flavor and thus being more preferred. Because of the hygiene precautions taken during the processing of the product, it showed a lower microbial contamination (< 103 CFU.g-1), in all the tests conducted.
Two cultivars of guava fruit, Pedro Sato and Paluma, were studied. They were both obtained from a commercial orchard, at the maturation stage of ready for harvest, corresponding to a dull-green coloration and considered perfect for eating. The fruits were initially immersed in a solution of sodium hypochlorite (150mg.L-1 chlorine) for 5 min, for superficial disinfection. Trained personnel, using adequate protection and disinfected equipment, peeled the fruits, cut them longitudinally down the middle and removed the pulp with the seeds, at a temperature of 12°C. After rinsing with chlorinated water (20mg.L-1 chlorine) the fruit halves were packaged in polyethylene terephthalate containers. These units were stored at 3°C for 10 days. Microbiological analyses were performed throughout the study. Chemical analyses of the products were carried out to determine the contents of lignin, ascorbic acid, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids and the percentage of solublized pectin, in addition to testing for the sensory variables of texture, flavor and preference. For both cultivars the texture became more fragile and the ascorbic acid content reduced during the storage period. During this period there was an increase in lignin content and no change in total soluble solids (TSS) content, total titratable acidity (TTA) and the TSS/TTA ratio. The product of the Pedro Sato cultivar showed less loss of texture than that of 'Paluma,' considered by the tasters as the one with more flavor and thus being more preferred. Because of the hygiene precautions taken during the processing of the product, it showed a lower microbial contamination (< 103 CFU.g-1), in all the tests conducted.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Psidium guajava, Postharvest, minimal processing, ascorbic acid, texture, flavor, Psidium guajava, Pós-colheita, Minimamente processado, ácido ascórbico, textura, sabor
Como citar
Food Science and Technology (Campinas). Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, v. 23, n. 3, p. 409-413, 2003.