Radiação solar em ambiente protegido cultivado com tomateiro nas estações verão-outono do Rio Grande do Sul
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Data
2006-02-01
Autores
Beckmann, Márkilla Zunete [UNESP]
Duarte, Georgea Rita Burck
Paula, Viviane Aires de
Mendez, Marta Elena Gonzalez
Peil, Roberta Marins Nogueira
Título da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
Resumo
O crescimento e desenvolvimento de uma planta dependem da intensidade, qualidade e duração da radiação solar. Por esse fator ser de importância vital às plantas, o presente trabalho objetivou fazer uma avaliação sobre sua variação, bem como sobre a sua disponibilidade no interior do ambiente protegido durante o ciclo do tomateiro nas estações verão-outono em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento foi conduzido de janeiro a junho de 2003 no Campus da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (latitude 31°52'S; longitude 52°21'W e altitude de 13m), em estufa plástica disposta no sentido Leste-Oeste, com área de 180m². A cultivar utilizada foi Flora-dade, semeada em 24/01/03, transplantada no dia 28/02/03, sendo a última colheita em 12/06/03. Avaliou-se a radiação solar global externa (Rgext) e interna (Rgint), transmitância, radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (RFA) e o albedo da cultura a partir de sensores eletrônicos conectados a um datalloger. Durante o ciclo da cultura, o total de Rgext foi 1161,21MJ m-2, enquanto a Rgint foi 881,85MJ m-2. A Rgint e a RFA apresentaram valores médios diários de 8,5MJ m-2 dia-1 e 3,4MJ m-2 dia-1, respectivamente. A transmitância média da cobertura plástica à radiação solar global foi de 76%. O albedo médio diário da cultura foi 0,23, com albedo de 0,17 nos estádios iniciais, 0,26 no período de máximo crescimento e 0,23 no final do ciclo.
The growth and development of a plant depend on the intensity, quality and duration of the solar radiation. The present work had for objective to evaluate solar radiation variations, such as the availability inside a plastic greenhouse with tomato cropped in summer-autumn seasons in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2003, at the Federal University of Pelotas (31°52'S; 52°21'W; 13m alt.), inside a plastic greenhouse, with an area of 180m², placed in the East-west direction. The Flora-dade cultivar was sown on January 24, transplanted on February 28, and harvested on June 12. The global solar radiation outside and inside, transmissibility, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and albedo were measured with electronic sensors connected to a datalloger. Throughout the crop cycle, the total of global solar radiation outside the greenhouse was 1161.21MJ m-2, while inside it was 881.85MJ m-2. The average daily values of inside global solar radiation and PAR were 8.5MJ m-2 dia-1 and 3.4MJ m-2 dia-1, respectively. The mean transmittance of the greenhouse for the global solar radiation was 76%. Daily mean value of albedo was 0.23, with 0.17 in the beginning of the culture development, 0.26 at maximum development and 0.23 at the end of the cycle.
The growth and development of a plant depend on the intensity, quality and duration of the solar radiation. The present work had for objective to evaluate solar radiation variations, such as the availability inside a plastic greenhouse with tomato cropped in summer-autumn seasons in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2003, at the Federal University of Pelotas (31°52'S; 52°21'W; 13m alt.), inside a plastic greenhouse, with an area of 180m², placed in the East-west direction. The Flora-dade cultivar was sown on January 24, transplanted on February 28, and harvested on June 12. The global solar radiation outside and inside, transmissibility, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and albedo were measured with electronic sensors connected to a datalloger. Throughout the crop cycle, the total of global solar radiation outside the greenhouse was 1161.21MJ m-2, while inside it was 881.85MJ m-2. The average daily values of inside global solar radiation and PAR were 8.5MJ m-2 dia-1 and 3.4MJ m-2 dia-1, respectively. The mean transmittance of the greenhouse for the global solar radiation was 76%. Daily mean value of albedo was 0.23, with 0.17 in the beginning of the culture development, 0.26 at maximum development and 0.23 at the end of the cycle.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., radiação solar global, albedo, estufa plástica, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., global solar radiation, albedo, plastic greenhouse
Como citar
Ciência Rural. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), v. 36, n. 1, p. 86-92, 2006.