Isoenzimas na diferenciação de sementes de três espécies do gênero Euterpe
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Data
2007-02-01
Autores
Martins, Cibele Chalita [UNESP]
Bovi, Marilene Leão Alves
Mori, Edson Seizo [UNESP]
Nakagawa, João [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade de Investigações Florestais
Resumo
A análise e o estudo das características morfológicas de sementes e plântulas de palmito-vermelho (Euterpe espiritosantensis Fernandes), juçara (E. edulis Mart.) e açaí (E. oleracea Mart.) não permitem que o analista de sementes, ou o melhorista, faça a identificação e a diferenciação inequívoca das espécies. Neste trabalho, buscou-se avaliar o potencial discriminante da técnica de eletroforese para sementes dessas espécies, utilizando-se nove sistemas enzimáticos. Foram realizadas análises de eletroforese de isoenzimas, testando-se 30 embriões (0 a 1 mm de protrusão) de cada espécie, por corrida e por sistema enzimático. Para a identificação das bandas e determinação do perfil eletroforético foram realizadas, no mínimo, 30 corridas por sistema enzimático avaliado, em gel de poliacrilamida (7,5%). Constatou-se que, dentre as isoenzimas testadas, a polifenol-oxidase e a fosfatase-ácida mostraram-se instáveis, raramente possibilitando a visualização das bandas. As isoenzimasalfa e beta-esterase nem sempre possibilitaram o aparecimento de bandas visíveis, principalmente para E. espiritosantensis, mas foram capazes de distinguir E. edulis de E. oleracea. A glucose-6-fosfato desidrogenase e a glutamato-desidrogenase revelaram perfis eletroforéticos nítidos em todas as corridas, mas a posição das bandas não permitiu a diferenciação das três espécies estudadas. As isoenzimas mais eficientes na avaliação da pureza genética e na diferenciação das sementes foram fosfoglucomutase, fosfoglucose isomerase e peroxidase, por apresentarem perfis eletroforéticos distintos.
The study and analysis of the morphological seed and seedlings characteristics of red-palmito (Euterpe espiritosantensis Fernandes), jussara (E. edulis Mart.) and assai (E. oleracea Mart.) do not allow the seed technologist, or even the plant breeder, to correctly distinguish the species. In this research the discriminator potential of the electrophoresis technique was evaluated for seeds of these species, using nine enzymatic systems. Thirty embryos (0 to 1 mm of protrusion) of each species were used for enzymatic system and electrophoresis run. In order to identify the bands and the correspondent electrophoretic profile, at least 30 runs per enzymatic system were performed in study, using polyacrylamide gel (7.5%). Among the tested isoenzymes, polyphenol oxidase and the acid phosphatase were unstable, without allowing bands visualization. The alpha and beta-esterase isoenzymes could not always be visualized by clear bands, especially for E. espiritosantensis, but both systems were able to distinguish between E. edulis and E. oleracea. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the glutamate dehydrogenase revealed well-marked electrophoretic profiles in all runs, however bands position did not allow the differentiation among the three species. The most efficient isoenzymes that can be used to evaluate genetic purity of seed lots and differentiate the seeds were phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucose isomerase and peroxidase, by producing strong and distinctive electrophoretic profiles.
The study and analysis of the morphological seed and seedlings characteristics of red-palmito (Euterpe espiritosantensis Fernandes), jussara (E. edulis Mart.) and assai (E. oleracea Mart.) do not allow the seed technologist, or even the plant breeder, to correctly distinguish the species. In this research the discriminator potential of the electrophoresis technique was evaluated for seeds of these species, using nine enzymatic systems. Thirty embryos (0 to 1 mm of protrusion) of each species were used for enzymatic system and electrophoresis run. In order to identify the bands and the correspondent electrophoretic profile, at least 30 runs per enzymatic system were performed in study, using polyacrylamide gel (7.5%). Among the tested isoenzymes, polyphenol oxidase and the acid phosphatase were unstable, without allowing bands visualization. The alpha and beta-esterase isoenzymes could not always be visualized by clear bands, especially for E. espiritosantensis, but both systems were able to distinguish between E. edulis and E. oleracea. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the glutamate dehydrogenase revealed well-marked electrophoretic profiles in all runs, however bands position did not allow the differentiation among the three species. The most efficient isoenzymes that can be used to evaluate genetic purity of seed lots and differentiate the seeds were phosphoglucomutase, phosphoglucose isomerase and peroxidase, by producing strong and distinctive electrophoretic profiles.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Euterpe espiritosantensis, Euterpe edulis, Euterpe oleracea, marcadores isoenzimáticos, Euterpe espiritosantensis, Euterpe edulis, Euterpe oleracea, allozyme markers
Como citar
Revista Árvore. Sociedade de Investigações Florestais, v. 31, n. 1, p. 51-57, 2007.