Avaliação da liberação de potássio por resíduos do benefício de café
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Data
2012-05-04
Autores
Zoca, Samuel Menegatti [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de café, com uma produção estimada em 43,5 milhões de sacas beneficiadas na safra 2011, uma vez que, o processamento do café gera grandes quantidades de resíduos sólidos, e também, esses resíduos podem proporcionar problemas ambientais, torna-se de grande importância o estudo de alternativas de utilização desses materiais, sendo assim, objetivou-se nesse experimento caracterizar cinco tipos de resíduos do benefício de café e avaliar seu valor como fertilizante potássico, estudando a liberação do nutriente. O experimento foi realizado em colunas com solo, em casa de vegetação, na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Botucatu (SP). Foi utilizada a camada superficial (0-20 cm) de um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico de textura média. Os materiais estudados foram cinco tipos de resíduos do benefício de café, sendo eles, a casca do café cereja despolpado, casca do café “boia” separado no lavador, casca do café “natural” seco em coco sem passagem pelo lavador, casca de café um ano compostada e casca de café enriquecida e compostada por três anos. Os resíduos foram aplicadas sobre o solo das colunas em quatro doses baseadas no teor total de potássio de cada material com testemunhas sem e com aplicação de fertilizante potássico mineral em quantidade equivalente à 300 kg ha-1 de K2O. O experimento foi conduzido pelo período de 10 meses. A água percolada foi coletada semanalmente e foram analisados pH, condutividade elétrica e K. Ao término do ensaio foram coletadas amostras de solo e analisados os teores de K nas diferentes profundidades do solo das colunas. Paralelamente ao ensaio foram confeccionados sacos de nylon para avaliar as alterações dos cinco tipos de resíduos do benefício de café utilizando o método do litterbag. Foram realizadas amostragens dos sacos...
Brazil is the world’s largest coffee producer. The estimated production in 2011 was 2.6 million tons of coffee beans, since the coffee processing generates large amounts of solid waste, and also, these residues can provide environmental problems, the study of coffee processing residues has great social, economic and environmental importance. The aim of the experiment was characterize five types of coffee processing residues and assess its value as a potassium fertilizer, studying the nutrient release. The experiment was carried out in columns with soil in a greenhouse at Agricultural Sciences College – UNESP - Botucatu – SP. The surface layer (0-20 cm) of a medium texture of an Oxisol was used. Five types of coffee processing residues were studied, which were the coffee cherry husk, the “float” coffee husk, the natural coffee husk, one year composted coffee husk and three years enriched and composted coffee husk. Four rates of residues were applied on the column’s considering the total potassium content and two controls with and without mineral potassium were used. The experiment was conducted for 10 months. The leached was collected every week and pH, K, and EC was analyzed. Soil samples were collected in the end of the period and K was analyzed in four layers. In parallel were made litterbags to assess the changes of the five types of coffee processing residues during the 10 months. The husks were sampled at 15, 45, 90, 150, 210 and 300 days. The samples were analyzed to total potassium, water soluble potassium, total... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Brazil is the world’s largest coffee producer. The estimated production in 2011 was 2.6 million tons of coffee beans, since the coffee processing generates large amounts of solid waste, and also, these residues can provide environmental problems, the study of coffee processing residues has great social, economic and environmental importance. The aim of the experiment was characterize five types of coffee processing residues and assess its value as a potassium fertilizer, studying the nutrient release. The experiment was carried out in columns with soil in a greenhouse at Agricultural Sciences College – UNESP - Botucatu – SP. The surface layer (0-20 cm) of a medium texture of an Oxisol was used. Five types of coffee processing residues were studied, which were the coffee cherry husk, the “float” coffee husk, the natural coffee husk, one year composted coffee husk and three years enriched and composted coffee husk. Four rates of residues were applied on the column’s considering the total potassium content and two controls with and without mineral potassium were used. The experiment was conducted for 10 months. The leached was collected every week and pH, K, and EC was analyzed. Soil samples were collected in the end of the period and K was analyzed in four layers. In parallel were made litterbags to assess the changes of the five types of coffee processing residues during the 10 months. The husks were sampled at 15, 45, 90, 150, 210 and 300 days. The samples were analyzed to total potassium, water soluble potassium, total... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adubos compostos, Beneficiamento de frutas, Palha - Utilização, Café - Cultivo, Potassio na agricultura, Residuos agricolas, Coffee plantations, Potassium in agriculture
Como citar
ZOCA, Samuel Menegatti. Avaliação da liberação de potássio por resíduos do benefício de café. 2012. viii, 57 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.