Adubação nitrogenada da caramboleira para pomar em implantação
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Data
2006-06-09
Autores
Leal, Renata Moreira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de estudar os efeitos da adubação nitrogenada sobre caramboleiras (cv. B-10) em implantação, através de análises químicas do solo, da determinação do crescimento, da amostragem de folhas e inflorescências, da avaliação do estado nutricional, em relação ao nitrogênio, através do uso do clorofilômetro, além do início da produção de frutos. Para tanto, foi instalado um experimento na Fazenda Manga Rosa, no município de Bonfim Paulista - SP, Brasil, sobre um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico, que foi conduzido de janeiro/2003 a fevereiro/2006. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos que corresponderam a doses de nitrogênio (uréia) e quatro repetições. Na implantação as doses utilizadas foram iguais a zero, 30,60, 90 e 120 g de N planta-1 e, nos 1°, 2° e 3° anos de experimentação utilizou-se o dobro, o triplo e o quádruplo das doses iniciais. A aplicação do fertilizante nitrogenado, a partir do segundo ano de experimentação, promoveu diminuição significativa do pH que aumentou a acidez potencial e diminuiu as concentrações de potássio, cálcio e magnésio, bem como a soma de bases e a saturação por bases. As caramboleiras do tratamento testemunha não floresceram e apresentaram menor teor foliar de N, em relação àquelas que receberam o adubo. O estado nutricional das plantas, em relação ao nitrogênio pode ser avaliado com o uso do clorofilômetro, pois, houve correlação positiva entre a leitura SPAD e o teor foliar de N determinado pela análise química, e uma dose próxima de 120 g de N planta-1 proporcionou os melhores resultados para a caramboleira na fase de implantação.
The present work was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization on star fruit (cv. B-10) at establishment, through soil nitrogen chemical analyses, plant growth, leaf and inflorescence sampling, nitrogen nutrition evaluation with a chlorophylometer, as well as the beginning of fruit production. The experiment was set at Manga Rosa Farm, in Bontim Paulista, SP, Brazil, under Eutrustox soil from January 2003 to February 2006. The experiment design was randomized blocks, with tive treatments corresponding to nitrogen (urea) rates, with four replications. At the plant establishment, N rates utilized were zero, 30, 60, 90 and 120 9 of N planr1 and, at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of experimentation, two fold, three fold and four fold of initial rate. The nitrogen fertilizer application, afier the second year of experiment, resulted in significant pH reduction which increased potential acidity and decreased potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations, as well as the sum of bases and base saturation. Control star fruit did not flower and showed lower foliar N concentration in relation to those which received fertilizer. The plant nitrogen nutritional state can be evaluated with a chlorophylometer, because a positive correlation was observed between SPAD and N in leaves determinated by chemical analisys, and a rate near of 120 9 of N planr1 showed the best results for star fruit at orchard establishment.
The present work was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization on star fruit (cv. B-10) at establishment, through soil nitrogen chemical analyses, plant growth, leaf and inflorescence sampling, nitrogen nutrition evaluation with a chlorophylometer, as well as the beginning of fruit production. The experiment was set at Manga Rosa Farm, in Bontim Paulista, SP, Brazil, under Eutrustox soil from January 2003 to February 2006. The experiment design was randomized blocks, with tive treatments corresponding to nitrogen (urea) rates, with four replications. At the plant establishment, N rates utilized were zero, 30, 60, 90 and 120 9 of N planr1 and, at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of experimentation, two fold, three fold and four fold of initial rate. The nitrogen fertilizer application, afier the second year of experiment, resulted in significant pH reduction which increased potential acidity and decreased potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations, as well as the sum of bases and base saturation. Control star fruit did not flower and showed lower foliar N concentration in relation to those which received fertilizer. The plant nitrogen nutritional state can be evaluated with a chlorophylometer, because a positive correlation was observed between SPAD and N in leaves determinated by chemical analisys, and a rate near of 120 9 of N planr1 showed the best results for star fruit at orchard establishment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nitrogen, Fruit trees, Adubação, Nitrogênio, Averrhoa carambola, Carambola, Árvores frutíferas
Como citar
LEAL, Renata Moreira. Adubação nitrogenada da caramboleira para pomar em implantação. 2006. iv, 53 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2006.