O Banco Mundial e a política nacional de recursos hídricos no governo FHC (1995-2002)
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Data
2012-02-01
Autores
Scantimburgo, André Luis [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A elevada demanda por recursos hídricos para suprir as atividades produtivas da sociedade de consumo vem agravando os conflitos sociais e contribuindo para um quadro atual alarmante de degradação e escassez. As disparidades de renda em nível mundial entre os Estados refletem-se também no consumo e no acesso aos recursos hídricos. Ao mesmo tempo, os modelos de gerenciamento da água que vem sendo adotados em boa parte do mundo e amparados por instituições financeiras como o Banco Mundial buscam se enquadrar num sistema que tem em grande medida as leis do mercado e a alta tecnologia como principais reguladores. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em analisar a relação do condicionamento das políticas públicas de recursos hídricos no governo do presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) com as políticas recomendadas pelo Banco Mundial, identificando até que ponto a influência desta instituição financeira foi preponderante para elaboração e aprovação da lei 9.433/97 que implantou a Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos. Assim, coube a este trabalho questionar as concepções e os fatores que condicionaram as políticas de águas no âmbito da Reforma do Estado, pontuando as ações referentes ao controle, acesso e sustentabilidade. O destaque e a análise destas relações tornam-se essenciais para entender os rumos da gestão das águas no Brasil. Não há como contestar a eficiência das estratégias e políticas atuais sem entender de forma ampla as origens do modelo, bem como seus limites e aspirações. Conforme será demonstrado ao longo desta pesquisa, os problemas socioambientais que impactam os recursos hídricos necessitam serem concebidos e analisados de forma mais ampla, não se restringindo apenas a um ponto de vista instrumentalista e econômico
The high demand for water resources to feed the productive activities of the consumption society has worsened social conflicts, contributing to the present alarming picture of water’s scarcity and deterioration. The world level income disparities between states are also reflected in the access to water resources and to its consumption. At the same time, the type of water management that has been adopted by many countries and supported by financial institutions like the World Bank intends to impose a model based in high technology and market laws as main regulators. Thereby, the main goal of this study is to analyze the relation between public policies on water resources in the Fernando Henrique Cardoso administration (1995-2002) and the policies recommended by the World Bank, identifying how its influences were crucial to the development and adoption of Law Nº. 9433 / 97, which implemented the National Policy of Water Resources. Thus, this work questions the ideas and the factors which conditioned the water politics during the State Reform, aiming to the actions related to access, control and sustainability. The analysis of these relations is essential to understand the courses of water management in Brazil. There is no way to question the effectiveness of current strategies and policies without broadly understanding the origins of the model as well as its limits and aspirations. As will be shown along this research, the social and environmental problems impacting water resources must be designed and analyzed in a broader way, not restricted to an economic and instrumentalist point of view
The high demand for water resources to feed the productive activities of the consumption society has worsened social conflicts, contributing to the present alarming picture of water’s scarcity and deterioration. The world level income disparities between states are also reflected in the access to water resources and to its consumption. At the same time, the type of water management that has been adopted by many countries and supported by financial institutions like the World Bank intends to impose a model based in high technology and market laws as main regulators. Thereby, the main goal of this study is to analyze the relation between public policies on water resources in the Fernando Henrique Cardoso administration (1995-2002) and the policies recommended by the World Bank, identifying how its influences were crucial to the development and adoption of Law Nº. 9433 / 97, which implemented the National Policy of Water Resources. Thus, this work questions the ideas and the factors which conditioned the water politics during the State Reform, aiming to the actions related to access, control and sustainability. The analysis of these relations is essential to understand the courses of water management in Brazil. There is no way to question the effectiveness of current strategies and policies without broadly understanding the origins of the model as well as its limits and aspirations. As will be shown along this research, the social and environmental problems impacting water resources must be designed and analyzed in a broader way, not restricted to an economic and instrumentalist point of view
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento sustentável, Politicas publicas, Sustainable development, Public policy
Como citar
SCANTIMBURGO, André Luis. O Banco Mundial e a política nacional de recursos hídricos no governo FHC (1995-2002). 2012. 267 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências de Marília, 2012.