Cogeração a partir da biomassa residual de cana-de-açúcar: estudo de caso
Carregando...
Data
2011-01-31
Autores
Innocente, Andréia Franco [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os resíduos do processamento da cana-de-açúcar (bagaço e palhiço) são uma importante fonte energética. O palhiço pode ser adicionado ao bagaço e ambos podem ser queimados nas caldeiras das usinas, como fonte para cogeração de energia elétrica no setor sucroalcooleiro. A usina sucroalcooleira “São Manoel”, situada no município de São Manuel – SP, em seu sistema de cogeração, utiliza o bagaço como combustível para as caldeiras, gerando energia para suas operações. O bagaço produzido não é totalmente consumido e o excedente é vendido para usinas e outras empresas da região. Este trabalho buscou verificar o potencial de cogeração desta usina, considerando o uso da biomassa residual (bagaço e palhiço) de cana-de-açúcar disponível. Assim determinou-se a produtividade do palhiço (20 t.ha-1), que foi separado em folhas verdes (14,9%), folhas secas (71,3%), e material restante (colmos, ponteiros e matéria estranha) (8,3%). O teor médio de impurezas minerais presentes nas amostras de palhiço recolhidas foi de 5,4%. O teor de umidade do palhiço foi medido 3 dias após a colheita para cada constituinte e o valor médio final foi de 28,7%. O bagaço apresentou umidade média de 49,81%. O poder calorífico superior (PCS) foi determinado para o bagaço (19,27 MJ.kg-1), palhiço (17,90 MJ.kg-1) e misturas de bagaço+palhiço em diferentes proporções. Para o poder calorífico inferior (PCI), observou-se que no palhiço a energia liberada (12,11 MJ.kg-1) foi maior que para o bagaço (8,55 MJ.kg-1), resultado esperado considerando-se o maior teor de umidade do bagaço. Das misturas analisadas, a de 50%-50% apresentou maior potencial energético (PCI de 10,08 MJ.kg-1), mostrando que o palhiço pode ser eficiente para produção de energia misturado ao bagaço desde que sejam feitas as adaptações necessárias nos processos e maquinários. A energia que poderia...
Waste from processing sugar cane (bagasse and trash) has become an important energy source. Trash can be added to the bagasse and both can be burned in the boilers of the mills, as source for the cogeneration of electricity in the sugar cane industry. “São Manoel” sugarcane mill, located in São Manuel – São Paulo state, uses trash as fuel for boilers in its cogeneration system, generating energy for its operations. The bagasse produced is not completely used, and the surplus is sold to mills and other companies in the region. This study aimed at checking the cogeneration potential of such mill by considering the use of the residual biomass (bagasse and trash) of the available sugar cane. This way, trash productivity was determined (20 t/ha), which was separated into green leaves (14.9%), dry leaves (71.3%), and remaining material (stalks, pointers and extraneous matter) (8.3%). The content of mineral impurities present in the samples of trash collected was 5.4%. The content of trash humidity was measured for each constituent and the average final score was 28.7%. The bagasse presented average humidity of 49.81%. The higher heating value (HHV) was determined for the bagasse (19.27 MJ.kg-1), trash (17.90 MJ.kg-1) and mixings of bagasse+trash in different proportions. For lower heating value (LHV), it was noted that for the trash, the energy released (12.11 MJ.kg-1) was higher than for the bagasse (8.55 MJ.kg-1), which was expected once bagasse has a higher humidity content. From the mixings analyzed, the 50%-50% one presented a higher energy potential (LHV of 10.08 MJ.kg-1), which shows that trash can be efficient in energy production when mixed to bagasse once necessary adaptations have been made both in the procedure and machinery. In the 2008 crop, the energy which could be created using the residual biomass, supposing that all the sugar cane was picked raw, would be 227,989 MWh,... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Waste from processing sugar cane (bagasse and trash) has become an important energy source. Trash can be added to the bagasse and both can be burned in the boilers of the mills, as source for the cogeneration of electricity in the sugar cane industry. “São Manoel” sugarcane mill, located in São Manuel – São Paulo state, uses trash as fuel for boilers in its cogeneration system, generating energy for its operations. The bagasse produced is not completely used, and the surplus is sold to mills and other companies in the region. This study aimed at checking the cogeneration potential of such mill by considering the use of the residual biomass (bagasse and trash) of the available sugar cane. This way, trash productivity was determined (20 t/ha), which was separated into green leaves (14.9%), dry leaves (71.3%), and remaining material (stalks, pointers and extraneous matter) (8.3%). The content of mineral impurities present in the samples of trash collected was 5.4%. The content of trash humidity was measured for each constituent and the average final score was 28.7%. The bagasse presented average humidity of 49.81%. The higher heating value (HHV) was determined for the bagasse (19.27 MJ.kg-1), trash (17.90 MJ.kg-1) and mixings of bagasse+trash in different proportions. For lower heating value (LHV), it was noted that for the trash, the energy released (12.11 MJ.kg-1) was higher than for the bagasse (8.55 MJ.kg-1), which was expected once bagasse has a higher humidity content. From the mixings analyzed, the 50%-50% one presented a higher energy potential (LHV of 10.08 MJ.kg-1), which shows that trash can be efficient in energy production when mixed to bagasse once necessary adaptations have been made both in the procedure and machinery. In the 2008 crop, the energy which could be created using the residual biomass, supposing that all the sugar cane was picked raw, would be 227,989 MWh,... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Energia, Biomassa, Cogeração, Cogeneration, Trash
Como citar
INNOCENTE, Andréia Franco. Cogeração a partir da biomassa residual de cana-de-açúcar: estudo de caso. 2011. 111 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2011.