Subsídios para análise do ciclo de vida de assentos à base de fibra de coco e látex
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Data
2000-04
Autores
Salazar, Vera Lúcia Pimentel [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo oferecer subsídios para análise do ciclo de vida de assentos a base de fibra de coco com látex. Com esse intuito foi realizado um estágio junto a uma Unidade de beneficiamento e industrialização da fibra de coco, localizada na comunidade de Praia Grande, no município de Ponta de Pedras, Ilha do Marajó, no Estado do Pará. Nesse estágio foram coletados dados a respeito de todo o processo de beneficiamento da fibra de coco até a produção de mantas a base de fibra de coco com látex para aplicação em veículos. Através da Mercedes-Benz do Brasil, foram feitas amostragens dos materiais em estudo: fibra de coco, manta de fibra de coco com látex e espuma de poliuretano. É importante notar que a fibra de coco e suas mantas foram fornecidas pela Unidade de beneficiamento e industrialização de fibra de coco já citada e, a espuma de poliuretano foi fornecida pela Empresa Sanko de Diadema - SP. A partir dessas amostragens foram realizados ensaios de compressão e torção, apenas compressão, análise de metais e análise qualitativa do produtos formados na pirólise desses materiais, visando analisar assentos automobilísticos a base de fibra de coco com látex como um possível substituto da espuma de poliuretano. A partir deste estudo foi possível verificar que ambos os materiais sofrem deformação volumétrica após os ensaios de compressão e torção e, apresentam um comportamento de retorno ao seu volume inicial. No entanto, a espuma retorna praticamente 100% ao seu volume inicial enquanto a manta de fibra de coco com látex mantém uma deformação em torno de 10%. Quanto a análise qualitativa dos produtos formados na pirólise a 800oC desses materiais verificou-se que o fumo produzido pela pirólise da espuma de poliuretano é mais tóxico em relação ao produzido pela manta de fibra de coco com látex.
The aim of this work is to present a contribution to the analysis of the life cycle of vehicles' seats made with a mixture of coconut fibres with latex. Part of the work was developed at a unit for manufacture and industrialization of coconut fibres, at the community of Praia Grande, town of Ponta de Pedras, Marajó Isle, Pará, Brazil. At the unit, information on the processing of the coconut fibre was collected, ranging from the raw material to the production of a mat of natural fibre with latex to be used in vehicles. The different materials involved in the study were analysed at the laboratories of Mercedes-Benz do Brazil: coconut fibre, the mat of natural fibre with latex, and polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam was supplied by Sanko, from Diadema/SP. Once obtained the samples, they were submitted to tests of compression and torsion, compression only, analysis of heavy metals content, and qualitative analysis of products resulting from the incineration of the different materials. The coconut fibre plus latex composite was evaluated as a possible substitute for polyurethane foam in seats. Starting from this study it was possible to verify that both materials suffer volumetric deformation after the compression rehearsals and torsion and, they present a return behaviour to its initial volume. However, the foam comes back 100% practically to its initial volume while the mat of coconut fibre with latex maintains a deformation around 10%. As the qualitative analysis of the products formed in the pyrolysis to 800oC of those materials was verified that the fume produced by the pyrolysis of the polyurethane foam is more toxicant in relation to the produced by the mat of coconut fibre with latex.
The aim of this work is to present a contribution to the analysis of the life cycle of vehicles' seats made with a mixture of coconut fibres with latex. Part of the work was developed at a unit for manufacture and industrialization of coconut fibres, at the community of Praia Grande, town of Ponta de Pedras, Marajó Isle, Pará, Brazil. At the unit, information on the processing of the coconut fibre was collected, ranging from the raw material to the production of a mat of natural fibre with latex to be used in vehicles. The different materials involved in the study were analysed at the laboratories of Mercedes-Benz do Brazil: coconut fibre, the mat of natural fibre with latex, and polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam was supplied by Sanko, from Diadema/SP. Once obtained the samples, they were submitted to tests of compression and torsion, compression only, analysis of heavy metals content, and qualitative analysis of products resulting from the incineration of the different materials. The coconut fibre plus latex composite was evaluated as a possible substitute for polyurethane foam in seats. Starting from this study it was possible to verify that both materials suffer volumetric deformation after the compression rehearsals and torsion and, they present a return behaviour to its initial volume. However, the foam comes back 100% practically to its initial volume while the mat of coconut fibre with latex maintains a deformation around 10%. As the qualitative analysis of the products formed in the pyrolysis to 800oC of those materials was verified that the fume produced by the pyrolysis of the polyurethane foam is more toxicant in relation to the produced by the mat of coconut fibre with latex.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Residuos organicos - Reaproveitamento, Residuos agricolas, Coconut fibre, Latex
Como citar
SALAZAR, Vera Lúcia Pimentel. Subsídios para análise do ciclo de vida de assentos à base de fibra de coco e látex. 2000. xiv, 131 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2000.