Condições ótimas para o desverdecimento da laranja 'Pêra' e do limão 'Eureka' e alterações pós-colheita no armazenamento
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Data
2003-09
Autores
Martin, Cristhiane da Silva [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar condições ótimas de tempo de exposição e concentração de etileno para o desverdecimento de laranja ‘Pera’ e limão ‘Eureka’, verificando suas alterações pós-colheita durante o armazenamento. Foram instalados 2 experimentos, sendo os frutos colhidos com coloração verde (laranja) e esverdeada (limão). No primeiro experimento, à temperatura de 22ºC e 95±3 % de umidade relativa, os frutos foram submetidos a diferentes tempos de exposição (24; 48; 72; 96 horas) ao gás etileno, em concentração de 5 ppm a cada 12 horas. Mantendo-se fixas temperatura e UR, no segundo experimento avaliou-se 4 doses de etileno (6 ppm; 7 ppm; 10 ppm e 12 ppm) utilizando-se tempo de exposição ao gás de 96 horas. Os frutos foram analisados quanto à perda de massa fresca, coloração, ocorrência de doenças, rendimento de suco, firmeza, teor de sólidos solúveis totais, “Ratio”, pH e índice tecnológico. O tempo de exposição ao gás etileno de 96 horas foi escolhido para o segundo experimento com limões ‘Eureka’ e laranjas ‘Pera’, porque obteve melhor desverdecimento. No caso dos limões ‘Eureka’ não houve diferença significativa dos demais tempos de exposição ao gás na perda de massa e rendimento de suco; ao final do experimento diferiu do tratamento controle na firmeza dos frutos; e apresentou diferença significativa de outros tempos de exposição nos sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, “Ratio”, pH e índice tecnológico, diferença que desapareceu ao final do experimento. Quanto às laranjas ‘Pera’, juntamente com o tempo de 72 horas apresentou maior perda de massa ao final do experimento; não diferiu significativamente dos demais tempos de exposição nas características de rendimento de suco, firmeza, acidez titulável, “Ratio” e pH; e apresentou diferença significativa de... .
The present research had as objective the evaluation of optimum conditions for the exposure time and ethylene concentration for ‘Pera’ orange and ‘Eureka’ lemon degreening, verifying the postharvest variations during storage. Two experiments were installed, where the fruits were harvested with green (orange) and greenish (lemon) colors. In the first experiment under 22ºC temperature and 90-95% relative humidity, the fruits were exposed to different times (24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) to ethylene gas in concentration of 5 ppm. It was evaluated in the second experiment four rates of ethylene gas (6, 7, 10 and 12 ppm) using the 96 hours exposure time. The fruits were analyzed as for regard to weight loss (%), peel color, postharvest diseases, juice percentage, texture (g/f), TSS (ºBrix), titratable acidity, Ratio, pH and technological index. The 96 hours exposure time to ethylene gas was chosen for the second experiment with ‘Eureka’ lemons and ‘Pera’ oranges, because it presented better degreening. For ‘Eureka’ lemons, there wasn’t significant difference from the other times of gas exposure in weight loss and juice percentage; at the end of the experiment, it differed from the control treatment for texture; and presented significant difference from the other exposure times for TSS, titratable acidity, Ratio, pH and technological index, difference that disappeared at the end of the experiment. For ‘Pera’ oranges, with 72 hours of exposure, there was greater weight loss at the end of the experiment; it didn’t present significant difference from the other exposure times for juice percentage, texture, titratable acidity, Ratio and pH; and presented significant difference from the other times for TSS and technological index, difference that disappeared at the end of the experiment. The 6 ppm concentration of ethylene... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
The present research had as objective the evaluation of optimum conditions for the exposure time and ethylene concentration for ‘Pera’ orange and ‘Eureka’ lemon degreening, verifying the postharvest variations during storage. Two experiments were installed, where the fruits were harvested with green (orange) and greenish (lemon) colors. In the first experiment under 22ºC temperature and 90-95% relative humidity, the fruits were exposed to different times (24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) to ethylene gas in concentration of 5 ppm. It was evaluated in the second experiment four rates of ethylene gas (6, 7, 10 and 12 ppm) using the 96 hours exposure time. The fruits were analyzed as for regard to weight loss (%), peel color, postharvest diseases, juice percentage, texture (g/f), TSS (ºBrix), titratable acidity, Ratio, pH and technological index. The 96 hours exposure time to ethylene gas was chosen for the second experiment with ‘Eureka’ lemons and ‘Pera’ oranges, because it presented better degreening. For ‘Eureka’ lemons, there wasn’t significant difference from the other times of gas exposure in weight loss and juice percentage; at the end of the experiment, it differed from the control treatment for texture; and presented significant difference from the other exposure times for TSS, titratable acidity, Ratio, pH and technological index, difference that disappeared at the end of the experiment. For ‘Pera’ oranges, with 72 hours of exposure, there was greater weight loss at the end of the experiment; it didn’t present significant difference from the other exposure times for juice percentage, texture, titratable acidity, Ratio and pH; and presented significant difference from the other times for TSS and technological index, difference that disappeared at the end of the experiment. The 6 ppm concentration of ethylene... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desverdecimento, Etileno, Laranja - Tecnologia pós-colheita - Armazenamento, Limão - Tecnologia pós-colheita - Armazenamento
Como citar
MARTIN, Cristhiane da Silva. Condições ótimas para o desverdecimento da laranja 'Pêra' e do limão 'Eureka' e alterações pós-colheita no armazenamento. 2003. xiv, 76 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.