Distribuição do sistema radicular e produtividade de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) fertirrigada por gotejamento subsuperficial
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Data
2010-06-01
Autores
Santos, Deivison [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre a utilização do sistema de irrigação por gotejamento subsuperficial (subsurface drip irrigation – SDI), produtividade e distribuição do sistema radicular de duas cultivares de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.). O trabalho foi conduzido em Jaú, São Paulo, Brasil, na sede da Estação Experimental da Apta, localizado na latitude de 22º17’ S, e longitude 48º34’ W e altitude média de 580 m. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com seis repetições, constituídos pela combinação de duas cultivares: RB 86-7515 (C1); RB 85-5536 (C2), dois manejos da cultura: irrigado (I) e sequeiro (S) e duas safras (2007 e 2008). As parcelas constituíram-se de cinco linhas de 30 m de comprimento. Em todos os tratamentos foi utilizado o plantio em linha dupla, com espaçamentos de 0,40 m entre as linhas simples e de 1,80 m entre as linhas duplas. No manejo irrigado, o tubo de gotejamento foi enterrado a 0,20 m de camada, no meio da linha dupla. Foram abertas 24 trincheiras após cada colheita, cana-planta e primeira soqueira, para capturar imagens do sistema radicular utilizando o método do perfil, as imagens foram analisadas utilizando o software SAFIRA, resultando em comprimento, área e volume de raízes. Em relação à produtividade de colmos (TCH) e de açúcar (TPH), a C1 irrigada apresentou valor significativamente maior que o manejo sequeiro e que C2 (irrigada e não-irrigada) na primeira safra; na segunda safra não houve diferença significativa entre as cultivares, mas houve entre os manejos irrigado e sequeiro. Não houve diferenças significativas para fibra e Pol de cana-de-açúcar corrigido (PCC) nas duas safras. A C1 apresentou menores valores de comprimento, área e volume de raízes quando comparado à C2, porém o manejo irrigado apresentou distribuição mais homogênea ao longo do perfil...
This research aimed to assess the relationship between the utilization of a subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system with productivity and distribution of roots in two cultivars of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). The work was conducted at Experimental Station of APTA, county of Jaú, São Paulo, Brazil (22º17’ S latitude, 48º 34’ W longitude and average elevation of 580 m). The experimental design was randomized plots, with six repetitions by the combination of two cultivars: RB 86-7515 (C1); RB 85-5536 (C2), two crop management: irrigated (I) and rainfed (S) and two growing seasons (2007 and 2008). The plots consisted of five rows with 30 m length. All treatments were planted in double row, spacing 0.40 m between simple lines and 1.80 m between double lines. In irrigated management, the driplines were buried at 0.20 m depth in the middle point of double lines. After each harvest (first crop and ratoon), were dug 24 trenches to capture root system images using profile method, the images were analyzed using SAFIRA software, resulting in length, area and volume of root system. Regarding the crop yield (TCH) and sugar (TPH), the results of irrigated C1 was significantly higher than the non-irrigated management and C2 (non-irrigated and irrigated) in the first harvest, in the first ratoon there was no significant difference among cultivars, but there was between the management irrigated and non-irrigated. There were no significant differences in fiber and PCC in two seasons. The C1 showed lower values for length, area and volume of roots when compared to C2, but the irrigation management presented a distribution along the profile more homogeneous, with no predominance of the occurrence of roots... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This research aimed to assess the relationship between the utilization of a subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system with productivity and distribution of roots in two cultivars of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). The work was conducted at Experimental Station of APTA, county of Jaú, São Paulo, Brazil (22º17’ S latitude, 48º 34’ W longitude and average elevation of 580 m). The experimental design was randomized plots, with six repetitions by the combination of two cultivars: RB 86-7515 (C1); RB 85-5536 (C2), two crop management: irrigated (I) and rainfed (S) and two growing seasons (2007 and 2008). The plots consisted of five rows with 30 m length. All treatments were planted in double row, spacing 0.40 m between simple lines and 1.80 m between double lines. In irrigated management, the driplines were buried at 0.20 m depth in the middle point of double lines. After each harvest (first crop and ratoon), were dug 24 trenches to capture root system images using profile method, the images were analyzed using SAFIRA software, resulting in length, area and volume of root system. Regarding the crop yield (TCH) and sugar (TPH), the results of irrigated C1 was significantly higher than the non-irrigated management and C2 (non-irrigated and irrigated) in the first harvest, in the first ratoon there was no significant difference among cultivars, but there was between the management irrigated and non-irrigated. There were no significant differences in fiber and PCC in two seasons. The C1 showed lower values for length, area and volume of roots when compared to C2, but the irrigation management presented a distribution along the profile more homogeneous, with no predominance of the occurrence of roots... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Produtividade, Fertirrigação, Saccharum, Fertigation, Roots, SAFIRA
Como citar
SANTOS, Deivison. Distribuição do sistema radicular e produtividade de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) fertirrigada por gotejamento subsuperficial. 2010. xv, 83 f. Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2010.