Seleção de microrganismos celulolíticos, imobilização e aplicação das celulases, produzidas e comercial, na hidrólise da celulose
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2012-04-26
Autores
Silva, Douglas Fernandes da [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente, as celulases são enzimas bastante estudadas para a hidrólise de resíduos ligno-celulósicos para obtenção de açúcares fermentescíveis utilizáveis em diferentes processos biotecnológicos. Um destes resíduos é o bagaço de cana proveniente da indústria sucroalcooleira, que pode ser uma alternativa para produção de bioetanol, desde que haja tecnologia eficaz e econômica para a conversão em açúcar (glicose ou xilose). O objetivo deste trabalho foi encontrar fungos celulolíticos produtores de enzimas que sejam eficientes nos processos de degradação da biomassa lignocelulósica. No presente trabalho foram selecionados 12 fungos celulolíticos previamente isolados pelo Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial (UENSP – Assis). Estes fungos foram cultivados em bagaço de cana-de-açúcar como substrato e para seus extratos foram testados suas atividades para celulases (FPase) e endoglucanase (CMCase) e comparados com o T.reesei CCT 2768. Os fungos mais eficientes foram às linhagens: M51, FS09, MG10A e FS11A. Destes, se destacaram respectivamente para atividade FPase e CMCase, os fungos FS09 com 0,054 FPU/mL ou 1,79 FPU/g de substrato e 0,874 U/mL ou 29,1 U/g de substrato; seguido pela M51 com 0,049 FPU/mL ou 1,62 FPU/g de substrato e 1,094 U/mL ou 36,46 U/g de substrato, valores vezes superior em relação ao fungo T. reesei CCT 2768, espécie considerada uma dos principais microrganismos de referência em estudos para a produção de celulases. A imobilização da celulase comercial em microesferas de alginato e de hidrogéis (alginato/quitosana) mostraram resultados promissores para os protocolos com adição da enzima durante o processo de formação dos derivados, tanto os peletes como os biofilmes, sendo os melhores derivados, o pelete B e o biofilme E’. Com estes protocolos de...
Nowadays the cellulases are widely studied for the hydrolysis of ligno-cellulosic residues to obtain fermentable and economic sugars for several biotechnological applications. Cane bagasse is the most important residue from sugar factory, which could be an alternative of substrate to produce bioethanol or other biotechnological production, but it depending on the economical technology for the conversion in simple sugar (glucose or xylose). In the present study was selected 12 cellulolytic fungi, previous isolated by the Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology (UNESP – Assis). These fungi were cultivated in cane bagasse as substrate and their extracts was tested as FPU and Endoglucanase (CMCase) activity and compared with T. reesei CCT 2768. The most efficient fungi were the not yet identified strains: M51, FS09, MG10A e FS11A. Respectively for FPase and CMCase activity, the strain FS09 shows 0.054 FPU/mL or 1.79 FPU/g of substrate, and 0.874 U/ml or 29.1 U/g of substrate, followed by M51 with 0.049 FPU/mL or 1.62 FPU/g of substrate, and 1.094 U/mL or 36.46 U/g of substrate. These results were higher than T. reesei CCT 2768, considered as a important microorganism for the studies of the production of cellulose. Immobilization of commercial cellulase in microspheres of alginate and hydrogels (alginate/chitosan) was procedure and it showed promising results for the protocols of the enzyme with added during the formation of derivatives (immobilized enzymes). The best immobilization of cellulase was obtained with the pellets and biofilms produced by the protocols B and E', respectively. These protocols were responsible for the increase in cellulolytic activity of 56% (protocol B) and 44% (protocol E´) when compared with the enzyme used in the immobilization process due to the 13 and 28 recycles of the enzyme. It is hoped that... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Nowadays the cellulases are widely studied for the hydrolysis of ligno-cellulosic residues to obtain fermentable and economic sugars for several biotechnological applications. Cane bagasse is the most important residue from sugar factory, which could be an alternative of substrate to produce bioethanol or other biotechnological production, but it depending on the economical technology for the conversion in simple sugar (glucose or xylose). In the present study was selected 12 cellulolytic fungi, previous isolated by the Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology (UNESP – Assis). These fungi were cultivated in cane bagasse as substrate and their extracts was tested as FPU and Endoglucanase (CMCase) activity and compared with T. reesei CCT 2768. The most efficient fungi were the not yet identified strains: M51, FS09, MG10A e FS11A. Respectively for FPase and CMCase activity, the strain FS09 shows 0.054 FPU/mL or 1.79 FPU/g of substrate, and 0.874 U/ml or 29.1 U/g of substrate, followed by M51 with 0.049 FPU/mL or 1.62 FPU/g of substrate, and 1.094 U/mL or 36.46 U/g of substrate. These results were higher than T. reesei CCT 2768, considered as a important microorganism for the studies of the production of cellulose. Immobilization of commercial cellulase in microspheres of alginate and hydrogels (alginate/chitosan) was procedure and it showed promising results for the protocols of the enzyme with added during the formation of derivatives (immobilized enzymes). The best immobilization of cellulase was obtained with the pellets and biofilms produced by the protocols B and E', respectively. These protocols were responsible for the increase in cellulolytic activity of 56% (protocol B) and 44% (protocol E´) when compared with the enzyme used in the immobilization process due to the 13 and 28 recycles of the enzyme. It is hoped that... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fungos, Celulase, Bioetanol, Residuos como combustivel, Enzimas imobilizadas, Bagaço de cana na produção de celulose
Como citar
SILVA, Douglas Fernandes da. Seleção de microrganismos celulolíticos, imobilização e aplicação das celulases, produzidas e comercial, na hidrólise da celulose. 2012. f. Dissertação - (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2012.