Efeitos do tempo de espera em currais de frigorífico no bem-estar e na qualidade da carne de bovinos
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Data
2013-08-30
Autores
Costa, Franciely de Oliveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de dois tempos de espera pré-abate sobre o bem-estar e a qualidade da carne de bovinos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Uruguai onde 30 novilhos Hereford foram agrupados aleatoriamente em dois tratamentos, de acordo com o tempo de espera nos currais do frigorífico: 12 horas (Tratamento 1; n=15) e três horas (Tratamento 2; n=15). Os animais foram abatidos quando pesavam, em média, 500 Kg de peso vivo, em um frigorífico comercial, que segue padrões de bem-estar animal e que está habilitado para exportar carne. O temperamento individual dos animais foi avaliado, uma semana antes do abate, utilizando-se testes restritivos e não restritivos (tempo de saída, escore de tronco e escore de saída) com os quais foi construído um índice que combina os três testes (Tindex). Os registros comportamentais dos animais foram realizados durante o período de espera e foram obtidos através da identificação da postura corporal (em pé), no registro da atividade de ruminação e registro das frequências de comportamentos negativos, sendo estes: monta e briga. Determinaram-se cinco indicadores fisiológicos: creatina fosfoquinase (CPK); ácidos graxos não esterificados (NEFA); β-hidroxibutirato (βOHB); glicose e; cortisol, nas diferentes etapas prévias ao abate, a saber: durante a pesagem na fazenda, imediatamente após o desembarque no frigorífico, após o tempo de espera e durante a sangria. As medidas de pesos das carcaças quentes, grau de terminação, grau de conformação e dentição foram obtidas no frigorífico. Da mesma forma, as medidas de temperatura e pH da carne que foram realizadas a 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 e 48 horas após o abate, no músculo Longissimus (LM). Além disso, 45 minutos post mortem, foram extraídas amostras do LM para determinar o conteúdo de glicogênio. Para as análises de cor e força de cisalhamento, amostras do LM foram maturadas, por...
The aim was to evaluate the effect of pre slaughter lairage time on welfare and meat quality of cattle. The study was performed in Uruguay. Thirty Hereford steers were randomly grouped in two treatments according to the lairage time in pens in the slaughterhouse: 12 hours (Treatment 1, n = 15) and three hours (Treatment 2, n = 15). Animals were slaughtered when they reached an average of 500 kg of LW, in a commercial slaughterhouse licensed to export meat, and following animal welfare standard procedures. Temperament was individually assessed one week before slaughter by both restrained (crush score) and non-restrained tests (flight-time and exit speed). By means of it was built an index that combines all three tests (Tindex). The behavioral records of the animals were performed during the lairage period and were obtained through the identification of body posture (standing), the record of rumination activity and the record of the frequency of negative behaviors (mounts and fighting). Blood samples were taken from all animals searching for basal values in five welfare indicators: Creatine kinase (CPK), Non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), ß-hidroxibutirate (βOHB), Glucose and Cortisol, and also their respective changes, according to the following periods: before leaving the farm, immediately after arriving at the slaughter house, after lairage time, and during bleeding. Measurements of hot carcass weight, finishing degree, conformation degree and dentition were obtained in the slaughterhouse. In the same way, measurements of pH and temperature of the meat were taken in 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 e 48 hours post mortem at the Longissimus muscle (LM). Besides, 45 minutes post mortem, muscle samples were extracted from the LM to determine glycogen concentration. For color and shear force analysis, LM samples were aged for a two days period. Muscle color was measured with the L*, a* and b* parameters and ...
The aim was to evaluate the effect of pre slaughter lairage time on welfare and meat quality of cattle. The study was performed in Uruguay. Thirty Hereford steers were randomly grouped in two treatments according to the lairage time in pens in the slaughterhouse: 12 hours (Treatment 1, n = 15) and three hours (Treatment 2, n = 15). Animals were slaughtered when they reached an average of 500 kg of LW, in a commercial slaughterhouse licensed to export meat, and following animal welfare standard procedures. Temperament was individually assessed one week before slaughter by both restrained (crush score) and non-restrained tests (flight-time and exit speed). By means of it was built an index that combines all three tests (Tindex). The behavioral records of the animals were performed during the lairage period and were obtained through the identification of body posture (standing), the record of rumination activity and the record of the frequency of negative behaviors (mounts and fighting). Blood samples were taken from all animals searching for basal values in five welfare indicators: Creatine kinase (CPK), Non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), ß-hidroxibutirate (βOHB), Glucose and Cortisol, and also their respective changes, according to the following periods: before leaving the farm, immediately after arriving at the slaughter house, after lairage time, and during bleeding. Measurements of hot carcass weight, finishing degree, conformation degree and dentition were obtained in the slaughterhouse. In the same way, measurements of pH and temperature of the meat were taken in 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 e 48 hours post mortem at the Longissimus muscle (LM). Besides, 45 minutes post mortem, muscle samples were extracted from the LM to determine glycogen concentration. For color and shear force analysis, LM samples were aged for a two days period. Muscle color was measured with the L*, a* and b* parameters and ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino - Comportamento, Temperamento, Carne - Qualidade, Ion hidrogenio - Concentração, Saude animal, Indicadores (Biologia), Temperament
Como citar
COSTA, Franciely de Oliveira. Efeitos do tempo de espera em currais de frigorífico no bem-estar e na qualidade da carne de bovinos. 2013. vi, 80 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.